Massachusetts First MMJ Dispensary Opens for Business

Three years after Massachusetts voters overwhelmingly approved medical cannabis use, the state’s first dispensary has finally opened. After receiving a final approval from state regulators, Alternative Therapies Group made the following announcement on their website:

“ATG is the first Registered Marijuana Dispensary to receive a Final Certificate of Registration in the state of Massachusetts. Our Salem, MA dispensary is scheduled to begin serving registered patients Wednesday, June 24th – by appointment only. ATG intends to offer a safe and enjoyable experience for our patients.”

During the launch, the ATG will only be offering medical marijuana in its flower form. A company statement, however, confirms that efforts “to include more strains and MIPs [marijuana-infused products], such as tinctures, baked goods, topical creams, salves and vaporizer pens,” are underway.

The dispensary’s cannabis is grown entirely in an off-site location that is off-limits to the public.

Massachusetts voters approved medical marijuana treatment for several debilitative conditions — including cancer, HIV, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease — in 2012.

Meanwhile, two marijuana advocacy groups have separately announced they will put the question of full legalization to Massachusetts voters in 2016.

Sources:

http://www.wcvb.com/news/1st-medical-marijuana-dispensary-in-massachusetts-opening/33745928

http://bostinno.streetwise.co/2015/06/24/mass-medical-marijuana-dispensary-to-open-wed-june-24-alternative-therapies-group/

Photo Credit: Martijn

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Gov. John Hickenlooper signing a bill into law in 2013.

Colorado Governor Changes Tune On Cannabis Legalization

In the run-up to Colorado’s successful bid for cannabis legalization, nearly every politician in the state was a vocal critic of the measure, most notably the state’s Governor, John Hickenlooper, who expressed concerns about spikes in teenage use, intoxicated driving, and ruining the state’s reputation as one of the healthiest in the nation. A year and a half in, though, Hickenlooper has seemingly changed his tune.

“If you had asked me the day after the voters … changed our constitution to legalize marijuana, if you asked me if I had magic pixie dust and I could magically change that, I would have done it,” Hickenlooper said in an interview with CNN’s Cristina Alesci last month. “Now, I wouldn’t be quite so quick to go back. I’d say let’s give it another year or two and see if we can make a regulatory system that really keeps the bad guys out, keeps the pot away from kids, makes sure roads and highways are safe, and we have resources not just for regulation but to take care of the problems that get created along the way.”

While that might not sound like overwhelming praise, the Governor’s feelings about cannabis have evolved considerably from years past. During his time as Denver Mayor from 2003 to 2011, Hickenlooper was tormented by marijuana campaigns who passed local initiatives decriminalizing cannabis; many of them called the mayor a hypocrite for making his fortune as a brewpub owner, yet refused to discuss the legalization of marijuana.

“I hate Colorado having to be the experiment [for marijuana legalization],” he told the Durango Herald in a January 2014 interview. In the months leading up to his reelection last fall, Hickenlooper referred to the passage of A64 as a “reckless” move on the part of voters; and later spearheaded a bizarre campaign against teen pot use titled “Don’t Be A Lab Rat,” featuring enormously oversized animal cages with a dish and water bottle, placed strategically outside skateparks and schools. The idea was that too few studies have been done on marijuana, and so any teen who uses should consider himself an experiment.

Around that same time Hickenlooper conducted an hour-long interview with Katie Couric in Aspen, strictly on the issue of legalized marijuana in Colorado. Throughout the talk Hickenlooper repeatedly downplayed the financial benefit of taxed pot and refused to mention anything positive about the substance. When Couric referred to the state’s regulated framework as an overwhelming success, the governor responded “The word ‘overwhelming success’ is not something I’m going to apply to this because, you talk about branding, that’s the wrong… it could’ve been a lot worse.”

By January of this year, though, only one year after he expressed literal hatred for legal weed, Governor Hickenlooper had nearly done a full 180, being quoted in a 60 Minutes interview spouting rhetoric that mirrors campaign literature that the legalization movement has been putting out for years. “From time to time, people want to relax and help relieve the pressure of their day, in whatever form,” he said. “And they might choose to have a drink, or they might imbibe some marijuana. It will just be one of several choices of people trying to relax.”

Photo Credit: Mike Johnston

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Dominic Corva

Dominic Corva: Cannabis Policy & The Future of Humboldt County

CASP LogoThe cannabis legalization movement has gained serious momentum over the past three years,  and with Congress’s decision to restrict the DEA from interfering with state medical programs and the Obama Administration’s recent move opening the doors to medical marijuana research, it seems that the movement’s future is looking stronger each day. While it would be easy to speculate that these events are simply an inevitable fate brought on by the bad karma of prohibition, the reality is that all of this progress is due to the hard work of activists and experts who have dedicated their lives to cannabis policy reform.

In our latest podcast, Shango Los interviews Dr. Dominic Corva of the Cannabis and Social Policy Center (CASP) about the current state of international cannabis policy and what he believes the future holds in store for the industry. Dr. Corva is a political geographer and public policy scholar who has been a professor at Sarah Lawrence College and Humboldt State University. He has written extensively on both international drug policy in the Western Hemisphere as well as the political economy of cannabis agriculture in southern Humboldt County.

“The biggest misconception is that legalization means that everyone is more free to engage in cannabis commerce, when in fact, legalization clearly means that new lines are being drawn.”

In the interview, Dr. Corva explains how scholarly research and the tracking of data with mandated seed-to-sale tracking systems is helping us better understand the inner-workings of the industry, and he discusses how the legalization of cannabis in several US states has left the door open for other countries to follow suit. He also discusses the ways that Emerald Triangle growers in Humboldt County would be affected if California were to legalize cannabis for recreational purposes.

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NOTE: This transcript was auto-generated and may contain errors. 

Shango: Welcome to the Ganjapreneur.com Podcast. My name is Shango Los and I will be your host today. Doctor Dominic Corva is founder, and executive director of the Center for the Study of Cannabis and Social Policy. Doctor Corva is a political geographer, and a public policy scholar. He was most recently a visiting assistant professor in public policy at Sarah Lawrence College, and continues to be an affiliate researcher for the Humboldt Institute for Interdisciplinary Marijuana Research at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California. His work has been published in the International Journal of Drug Policy, Political Geography, the Annals of the Association of American Geographers, and ACME: A Journal of Radical Geography.
His dissertation research examined the political economy of international drug policy in the Western Hemisphere, and his postdoctoral research has focused on the political economy of cannabis agriculture in Southern Humboldt county. In his current role as executive director at CASP, he studies cannabis policy at the state, national, and international levels. The center conducts original, sociological, and quantitative research, and shares this research for the public good. The center also acts as an incubator of sorts, for new non-profit cannabis organizations, and education efforts. Welcome Doctor Corva.

Dr. Corva: Thanks Shango.

Shango: Doctor Corva, in many states there are now cannabis magazines with journalists writing about cannabis in culture. Your organization conducts research at many levels, and studies an array of important evolving issues, what do you see as the primary differences between what the Center for the Study of Cannabis and Social Policy does, verses what a cannabis magazine reporter does?

Dr. Corva: Well Shango, I would say that the main difference is context. We bring scholarly context to the information that we gather and disseminate, so that means a couple of things. One, is through the big picture. It’s one thing to know when’s the first million dollar sales day, and what that really means sort of in a bigger picture. We are interested in learning about things that are not yet news, is another good distinction, is that we’re not driven by the news cycle, but in some ways we drive the news cycle by creating information that people are able to see what’s going on. The other thing, of course, is we’re embedded in cannabis policy and markets, and journalists, often are, moonlighting. They ask a lot of great questions, they get a lot of answers, they report on it and they move on. This is, of course, what we’re doing for the long haul, so our information has to matter for the long haul, not just for the short term media cycle.

Shango: When you talk about your developing the information yourself, what is it that the Center does to generate this content? What exactly are you doing on a day to day basis?

Dr. Corva: We are an epicentral information node, which means that I talk to people all the time through a number of different ways. Some are simple like call them up, and ask them what’s going on, some are ongoing relationships, some which I regularly get together to exchange information about what’s going on in the processing market, for example, or what’s going on with inventory. I put everybody’s information they feed me together and I synthesize it. It’s a lot of primary data that is based upon an ethnographic approach where I talk to people quite often on a structural basis for each field of interest that is appropriate for cannabis markets and policy. Also we of course gather and synthesize primary data that is quantitative in nature, so for instance the information that’s publicly available, and also information we request from the liquor control board. It comes in Excel spreadsheets. We have to actually visualize that data and explain what it means to the public.
We take raw data, and process it, so that people can understand what’s going on. This applies also to information I get from my contacts in California and Oregon. I participate in civil society, is the other way I get information. The Oregon Sungrowers Guild, for example, had me in for their inaugural talk to them once Oregon passed this measure, the Sungrowers in Oregon were like, “What do we have to look out for?” They had me come in and give a talk about that, and they also consult with me … Have been consulting with me since then, to get feedback on steps to take, and so forth. I’m also participating in Washington state, in a number of civil society initiatives that are about establishing common ground, so Washington Cannabis Commission is an example. There’s an umbrella organization that doesn’t try to get everybody on the same agenda, but tries to get the parts of everybody’s agendas that are in common, to be working together.
Obviously the people that I meet in participating in those sessions all have individual industry interests, but they’re working out what’s different about them, and what are their commonalities, what’s their common ground. That’s definitely a good role for a non-profit information center to be playing.

Shango: As more states move toward normalization, and you’re able to share the successes and failures of Washington and Colorado, and the other places that you’ve studied, it almost sounds like that the newer states, who are having you coming to speak, you’re kind of distributing best practices in a lot of ways.

Dr. Corva: Yeah absolutely, I’m not inventing them, I’m hearing about them, hearing people debate them, watching what comes out of those debates, seeing how they’re resolved, and then how they’re corrected later. In a way the learning experience, the learning curve in Washington state is an experiment that people can learn from now, it’s process, instead of just it’s results. The results you can see in the news, they get reported on, but the process, how we get there, that’s the most important information for people in other states, because that’s what they’ve got to go through first. They can see outcomes, they can see outcomes they might want, or not want, but they have to understand what the process was in order to avoid, or replicate, outcomes.

Shango: Are you seeing that a lot of the new states that are moving towards normalization are reaching out, and they’re looking for mistakes and best practices from Washington? Or do you find that each state is more wanting to reinvent the wheel itself.

Dr. Corva: The former, the former for sure. When they’re learning from mistakes that means that they do have to reinvent the wheel in some ways. The tax policy that we follow in Washington state is not one other people want to follow, so what do they do? We don’t really have a model for that yet. Oregon’s rules are still being made, but the initiative passed with the idea that cannabis be taxed at the producer level, at $35 an ounce. California, is taking a proactive approach, their policy makers are ahead of time getting to know what the production system is like inside California, before they figure out what the tax situation should be. As opposed to Washington where the initiative was written, the production landscape was a total mystery, nobody understood that, but they made policy anyway, which is why we’ve had the problems.
California, of course, there’s so much more at stake, because it’s the national provider, essentially, of cannabis, the domestic producer. They really have to get it right from the get go, and I’m finding that those people are reaching out to learn from, and discuss, with the potential experts how to move forward. I brought Todd Arpley, a very respected CPA in Washington state, down to California to talk to the California Board of Equalization, so that an accountant could talk to them, not just a policy guy like me. I’m not an accountant, so there’s a limit to how much I can tell them about what they could do. What I could tell them was our mistakes, and then Todd could say here are the options, here’s the options that we’re considering now in Washington. Talk to the other tax people in California, to see how those might work with their particular system and rules.

Shango: It sounds like what CASP is doing is to connect people and move the intellectual capital around between these different locations to benefit smart cannabis reform.

Dr. Corva: Absolutely, it’s about, essentially, networking together all these folks who are trying in principle to do the same thing, but not sure really how to go about it. The thing is is that I don’t, necessarily, tell them what the right thing is to do, I link them up with the people who have the deep specialized knowledge, that otherwise they couldn’t find. They could have dug for a bit and found Todd, for example, but there was a shortcut, me. I’m organizing a flow of information that will inform policy making, because policy that succeeds is based on reality. If the reality is not understood, then we’re going to get bad policy.
We’re networking together, good information, in a way that allows, creates, space for good policy to be made, rather than claiming, like the authority, this is what’s happened, and this is what should happen, therefore you do this. That doesn’t work, this a field that’s brand new, it’s opening up. One thing I think is unique about what we provide is humility with the respect to the possible information. I’m deep into it enough to know that we’re scratching the surface. It’s going to take a lot of different heads together to really define that surface. No one person should be going around claiming the authority then that they know it all. We have a lot of humility with respect to the information that we have, and that means creating space for a collective understanding to be developed. It’s much more powerful than a private approach.

Shango: I know from following your blog that you’re in Colorado, and you’re back in Washington, and then you’re in Humboldt, and then you’re in Europe on some panel somewhere. Here in the United States, Humboldt County is pretty much the birthplace of American Cannabis. As normalization continues the heritage growers in the Emerald Triangle seem to be like they could be at risk of being squeezed out by corporate growers in California. In the time that you’re going back and forth, and move this intellectual capital back and forth, how do you see this playing out? What do you think the future holds for California’s heritage growers?

Dr. Corva: It’s a lot more promising because of what’s happened in the last year and a half in California in terms of organizing. The growers have historically been separate from reform efforts, that is they’re not participating in it, and when they do, it’s really has historically been out of sort of fear and reaction. It’s like, this could kill my business, therefore I don’t want it. In the last year and a half folks have gained a collective understanding that by participating in the process, they can secure a future for themselves. Standing apart from it, or being against it, is not going to help them. This is especially evident in California Cannabis Voice, new efforts by the Emerald Growers Associations, which is totally rebooted itself, from being a defensive trade association to a proactive, in Sacramento, talking to policy makers about why the producers should be at the table when you make your rules, and make your policy about cannabis legalization. They’re able to make those arguments, not just out self-interests, but to frame them as being in the general interest.
You have a production system already, if you make a different production system, what you’re creating is a potential for a lot of conflict. And actually it makes your life a lot harder, because you have to reinvent the whole new production system, look at Washington state, and how our production system is a new one. It didn’t really build bridges from the old one, so it’s a lot harder to get off the ground. From day 1 if you have people who are experienced, and already have practices, and are adapting them to a more professional landscape, then you have a more efficient system that works in terms of production, than one goes through these waves of dysfunction where you’ve got too few retailers, too much product in one season, the previous season, the opposite problem, not enough supply, too many retailers. It changes overnight.
While that shouldn’t have been a surprise to anybody that understands agriculture in general, but certainly cannabis agriculture, where the seasonality is understood, inventory is understood. Those don’t have to be reinvented in a new system, they have to be adapted to a new system, so it’s a robust one that’s not actually in competition with the old producers. It’s not in competition because the old producers are there, and they’re part of that system, and they’re helping create something that is positive for the state in general, society in general, rather than antagonizing it as the black market, or the medical market, or whatever else.

Shango: Do you find that any of the states are actually effectively doing this so far? I know we’re recording this in Washington state, which I’m most familiar with, and here pretty much if you had cannabis experience, you are actually on the outside of cannabis legalization.

Dr. Corva: Yeah.

Shango: Hopefully folks are learning from our mistakes, in that.

Dr. Corva: Absolutely.

Shango: Is anybody doing it the right way yet?

Dr. Corva: I think Oregon is definitely a really good example. Again, we’ll see what happens, they’re still in the middle of their process. The Growers Organizations knew ahead of time that they needed to be a part of that process, they need to have that input in there, so they hired a lobbyist before the rulemaking committee even started. The lobbyist has been in the room, which often that meant in other organizations in Oregon from the heritage tradition, so they’re able to be informed as to possible directions that could hurt them, and to actively attempt to coopt those efforts. They’re in the room basically, they’re helping make the rules, and I think it’s going to really help Oregon’s program be strong and endogenous.
Oregon has some unique problems too, you know Washington or California, but in general … I’m on an Oregon listserv, the DPFOR, which is the listserv about everything going on with legalization in Oregon, and every major organization is on that listserv. Since I got on it I have a whole column that is labelled forums in my Gmail account, it is 99% DPFOR posts. I get hundreds of them everyday. People are really involved and paying attention, and that means the processing … It looks messy if you look at my email list, it means it’s democratic, it means things are being worked at now, rather than needing to be reacted to later. And I think that shows great promise for how Oregon is going to work out.

Shango: It sounds like not only the citizenry are activated and participating, but there’s a higher chance that the Oregon legislators are actually having their ears open. In Washington, we hired outside consultants and it all kind of happened behind a curtain, and then it was dropped on everybody. Whereas the process you’re describing in Oregon as democratic, it sounds like it’s way more inclusive.

Dr. Corva: Definitely. The defining feature of BOTEC was that it was a group of outsiders. The Kleinman Group was a pro-group, and it had a lot of national names on it, and think tank names, and so forth, almost none of them had any knowledge whatsoever of actual Washington existing markets. The information they were able to provide the LCB was abstract, it wasn’t connected to what the realities and the stigmas of Washington state. That really is a huge deal, is that Oregon didn’t put out a national call for a consultant to come help them design their system, they recognized that they had people who knew what they were doing already in Oregon. Those are the people they needed to listen to design the system.

Shango: Do you see any positive feedback coming back to Washington from this process? Specifically we kind of botched it up to begin with, and then Oregon is watching what our lessons were, and are doing it in a more inclusive way. Do you a second wave in Washington opening up, or do you think that now that we’ve made this bed, and are a bit mired, we’re kind of stuck in it still?

Dr. Corva: We’re stuck in it. We’re definitely stuck in it. We’re getting worse in some respects because 2 years of struggling has meant that there are vested i502 interests, now, who were not part of the old landscape, who have a lot of money, and they are calling the shots in the legislature. The problem is we’re developing this elite cadre of cannabis professionals whose interest is in continuing to cut off the old guard, and making sure that they’re not competition. 5052 is a good example of that. There are elements of it that are helpful, and will bring in some of the old guard, then in particular the more professional dispensaries will be given a chance to participate in the system with medical endorsements.
We don’t know who’s qualified to determine whether someone should be endorsed medically or not. The actual ability to do so outstrips the mandate to do it. There’s time to work on it, and the best thing is that we managed to avoid the creation of new felonies. As long as we’re not moving backwards on the criminal justice side of it, then we’re still, I think, moving a little bit in the right direction. I think that the forecast for Washington is that the rules are being set by people who weren’t here 2 years ago, and how do we work with that. That’s the main challenge.

Shango: There are so many misconceptions in cannabis policy right now, not only from state to state, but even people who are involved, and are cannabis enthusiasts, and activists, they themselves are holding misconceptions either based on things that they were told, or always assumed, or their vision of the future. At the national level, what do you think are some of the most common … Let’s try this again. There are so many misconceptions in cannabis policy right, at the national level what do you think are some of the most common misconceptions held by cannabis enthusiasts and supporters?

Dr. Corva: The biggest misconception is that legalization means that everyone is more free to engage in cannabis commerce, when in fact, legalization clearly means that new lines are being drawn. That’s actually of a potentially negative benefit, or negative outcome, for folks who’ve been, for instance providing patients with lower, no cost medicine, for example. They’re not more free to do that under legalization, as we’ve made it in Washington state, they’re less free to do it. We celebrate legalization as though that means something just in general, that is just all positive. It is all positive for the criminal justice side of it, that’s important that they understand that part is true. Their ability to have sustainable livelihood in cannabis is potentially eradicated, unless they reinvent themselves in the formal market as consultants, or if they get with the right investors and are able to be a part of the new landscape.

Shango: The Center of the Study of Cannabis and Social Policy recently obtained a large dump of raw data from the Washington State Liquor Control Board, that everybody’s been talking about. The Center has lead the way in making sense of this obtuse dump of information. How is the Center going about it, and what are some of the very first insights that have come from the early study of that data dump?

Dr. Corva: We have established a working group of data professionals that we’re calling the Liquor Control Board Data Dump Working Group. We have a Trello account with assignments, and ways to divide up our efforts to process this data. Now it’s a raw data dump from BioTrack, it is not organized in a fashion that allows you to make easy sense of it. You have to know what to export into an Excel file in order to make it processable, and then to be able to visualize it and tell a story about it. It’s a really positive development because it means that the Liquor Control Board actually is offering us greater access to information they ever did before, but we need expertise, professional expertise, to make that happen, and that’s why we have the working group.
It’s negative in the sense that it’s just not clear, and also we have to learn BioTrack’s API, we have to learn their software, we need a level of professional attention to this, that we didn’t need before. That’s a challenge that we’re happy to actually rise to because of the wide array of different stakeholders, volunteer and otherwise, that want to make sense of this data dump. They can’t do it by themselves, so in addition to obviously me reaching out to certain data professionals, Doctor Jim McRae is a good example, we’ve had people reach out to us because they’ve gotten that data dump too, it’s public information request type thing. Even the folks who are providing subscriptions for the way they process the data are struggling with it. They’re all realizing that actually this is a collective effort, and at the very base we need to establish a system for being able to access it. Until we do that, nobody can make any sense of it. It’s a really interesting public-private partnership, I think, that’s developing.

Shango: What kind of data points are in there? Data can be a lot of things.

Dr. Corva: Almost all of them, this is the Seed to Sale [inaudible] System Dump. It’s not all of them, I do know that, that’s one thing that has been determined from our professionals, that there are data quality problems that are endemic, so for instance fields that are greater than 100% THC level is clearly … That’s a data quality problem. Fields that are empty, fields that have been mis-entered, so what we’re seeing here is the raw data that gets input by the producers, processors, and retailers, and there’s a lot of human error on that side. There are, beyond that, issues in the process of creating the information that maybe they entered correctly. Maybe there was a mistake at the lab, and that gets entered.
We’ve determined that the BioTrack system may be a little difficult in that regard, it’s only as reliable as the data that’s entered into it. People are still learning how to do that still. That moment when you open up the latest version of Microsoft Office, and you have learn like, “Oh, I’ve got to actually relearn how to do Microsoft Word. The buttons are all in the wrong places. Where’s that easy function?” It’s somewhere in there, you’ve got to find it. This is not necessarily the fault of biotrack per say, we don’t want to be adversarial about that, but it is a new system, are there are thousands of people with no expertise in data entry, entering data.
There are potential data quality issues, basically, that first we want to identify what data is good, there are systematic ways to do that that generally involve identifying outliers and getting rid of them, so that the data server confident. The outliers, the problem is drawing that grey line between what’s an outlier and what’s not really. We’re very early on that. In terms of the data that’s available, once we get the code broken, essentially, we will be able to say what labs have been testing THC at what percentage. We will probably be finding outliers for some labs that may be due to the way they do it. For instance the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia has standards that people are supposed to follow, but the LCB doesn’t have an auditing system for making sure they’re following it, so people are requiring far less in terms of their grams of sampling.
People are applying a different methodology, which the key one, I would say, is that your THC levels are always a combination of your actually your THC and THCA numbers. Your THC numbers are always really low in plants, because you have to decarboxylate the THCA to make it turn into THC. That process of decarboxylation isn’t 100% conversion, and so the standard is to apply a .8 … Multiply by .8, 80%, of the THCA, should become THC, add that to your THC, and that should be your total THC. Well some labs aren’t doing that. They’re not multiplying by .8, they’re just adding THCA to THC and that’s your THC levels, which has given us in the legal system, clearly, much higher THC numbers than the testing that was going on in the medical system.
The information when we visualize that when we show the public and policy makers that this is a problem, they can act on it. Again, not to identify bad actors, or criminal actors, but people who are figuring out how to do this. We can’t assume expertise. I’ve been saying for a while, for 502 legal cannabis, if you got a day in it, you are in the 1% in terms of expertise level in the population. That 1% includes people that have been there from day 1. You’re at the tail end of that, but you’re still more expert than everybody else. The folks who have been there from day 1 are still also just figuring this out. There’s just so much room for error, that it’s important for us to be able to look at the big picture in there and kind of determine where are things going weird.
We should be able to get the inventory story, which has been a difficult monkey to track down, which would help us understand, for example, what needs to be sold, and what’s being produced right now, and compare that with what’s going through the velocity of it, going through the system, out the retail doors. Are we building industry inventory, or is it shrinking? The dynamics of it are very strange, because we have to understand that obviously indoor production is coming online strongly right now. Then we’re going to have a huge outdoor production in the fall, and yet you add those together and like, what are we looking at in terms of prices? When you have this much oversupply and very limited retail landscape.
We’re not opening up retail stores at a rate that we’re increasing production. That’s the short story. The data dump will tell us exactly what are the dimensions of that, and what people maybe should be thinking about in terms of maybe we need to open up twice as many retail stores. Policy makers are considering exactly that right now, but until they actually have that information in front of them, they’re not going to know how dire the situation potentially is.

Shango: Last week your organization released an infographic with just the very, very, beginnings of making sense of this data. I think it was mostly on inventory. What is anything from that data that you found surprising, or against what everyone’s assumptions were that there was going to be in there?

Dr. Corva: There was a lot of panic about the fall harvest and overproduction that crashed prices to a degree that was very problematic for all these producers who are still dealing a 3-tiered tax system, and are still attempting to recapitalize what they lost in the first year and a half of trying to actually open up. There was huge panic, there numbers that were thrown out there, irresponsibly, saying there was 30,000 pounds of inventory that were based on nothing in particular other than we know that this was the canopy, and we know how many pounds were produced up through December 7th. That was the cut off point for the LCB keeping track of it. People were panicking like this is a huge problem, the LCB system is going to crash because everybody is going to go out of business.
Where in fact … My initial response to that was, wait a second. Of what was harvested, the LCB standard is 1 to 1, buds to raw material, in terms of what the plant produces, so first of all cut your 30,000 pound estimate in half, right away, to 15,000 pounds. Which is still a lot, but manageable. Then actually we need to go back and check that 1 to 1 ratio again. This infograph which was produced by the LCB, and is supposed to be a weekly production, but we haven’t gotten any further iterations even though we’ve put forth more information requests. What it showed was approximately, in terms of usable bud flower, to go into the system, there were a total of about 15,000 pounds that was produced between July and December, as opposed to a total of about 25,000 pounds which we were kind of thinking might have been the case, and also it’s ratio to the raw material was much more like 1 to 3. 1 pound of usable buds to 3 pounds of raw material, which means that your inventory of buds is not nearly the problem that folks were saying.
You can see that in February, if you look at the trajectory of prices stabilizing, it started stabilizing in February. Which is not consistent with a massive glut. There was a glut that was clearing, that’s the story that was telling me. That infographic showed how that seemed to be the case. One we were off on the raw material to usable bud production ratio, and two, that it was clearing. The surprising thing is that I think we’re up to about 700 pounds a month of indoor production, which was a little bit more than I thought we were at, and certainly we’re showing more every month in a way that is, again, not consistent with our retail stores opening up.

Shango: Outside of what the WSLCB is reporting through their infographic, what has your team at the Center for the Study of Cannabis and Social Policy started to pull out of the data that you might find surprising? Is it too early for you to speak on the data or is there anything that you’ve seen right off the bat. You’re like, “Wow, this is interesting.”

Dr. Corva: It’s a bit early to be honest. The basic stuff in the infographic is what we’ve been able to pull so far, and that’s kind of just reinventing their process to get at the infographic, so that’s not super surprising. The sales data is not surprising, the sales data is the most reliable data, that’s the most successful data from the data dump. I think that the evolution of the processing industry, the very beginning peek into that, is most interesting to me. It wasn’t a surprise to me, but maybe a surprise to the public, is that CO2, oil, wax, shatter, but this products are in the 502 market. They’re a little more expensive than they ought to be, but they’re coming online, and to me, that’s the inventory that you need to look on for profitability for producers and processors, is that there’s so much growth potential for, in particular, the concentrate production, and that will take care of inventory in ways that selling buds will not. Whether that means raw material, or ‘B’ buds, or buds you weren’t able to sell, because they were inferior in terms of their bag appeal. That goes into the processing system, and that processing capacity is starting to develop. They’ve got plenty to work with and those prices should be coming down.

Shango: Let’s change our focus from the state and national level to the international level. This week CASP and a consortium of over 100 human rights and drug policy organizations released an open letter calling on the UN to respect changing drug policies within a number of countries, like ours, and to prioritize human rights over punitive law enforcement in it’s approach to drug laws. Will you please tell us about the disconnect between the evolution of drug policy of UN member nations, and the difficulties that the UN body is having adapting to these changes?

Dr. Corva: Oh, yeah, yeah. The UN drug control system was initially really structured by, and disciplined by, the US State Department in conjunction with a few key allies, that maybe you wouldn’t expect. Countries like Italy, Japan, even some Scandinavian countries, all of whom wanted to place key diplomats into key positions, so there’s the politics of the UN itself, which has a lot of different bureaucracies, and every country is vying to put their people in positions of authority. We have a number of different UN drug control bodies within the UN who are all countries just sort of competing for getting to say something overall. The US has played a smaller, and smaller, role in what that looks like. Other countries have adapted or adopted the early US militant approach during prohibition in ways that may be surprising to some people.
I think that it’s fair to say that while the US is the author of the global drug war, other states have found it very, very, useful as well. They’ve learned how to find it useful in ways that the US maybe never anticipated, and certainly … China, for example. There are a number of other countries that are moving to get tougher on drugs, and move towards the old US approach on their own, and they’re in the UN, in key positions of authority. They push back against drug policy reform in ways that we wouldn’t have expected 20 years ago. It hasn’t gotten more democratic, it has gotten more bureaucratic, which means it’s very difficult to get things done.
One element of the UN drug control policy, maybe the health professional bureaucracy is more interested in harm reduction, but UN ODC drugs and crime, those are law enforcement professionals, and they don’t want the drug war to go away at all. At the same time there’s much more vocal opposition to the old paradigm now, our letter really represents a consortium of really accomplished, and long standing organizations, that worked with us for a very long time, and they do have a voice in particular the health side of it. They don’t have much of a voice when it comes to the law and order side of it.

Shango: It sounds like there’s a lot of entrenched ideology and elites that are benefiting from the old system to such a degree that it may seem like the letter is more symbolic than having a lot of true affect. What do you think that it’s going to take to change the policy at the UN level after the United States has been such a leader in sculpting the drug war to suddenly change our minds and decide to go the other way to bring the entrenched elites along with us?

Dr. Corva: Fragmentation, basically. The US what it was good at was really constructing coalitions that all got beyond what they said. They would do it through a combination of carrot and stick: it wasn’t us forcing everybody all the time, often it was us providing benefits to folk to get behind. The US has stepped back from that role as other countries have become more militant, Russia, China, and so forth, but it’s a fragmented situation. You have your Latin American countries in particular that really want to break away from this, and certainly I think they were the biggest victims of the global drug war that the US built through the UN. Through how the 1961 treaty itself evolved and what signatories had to do, and when they would be held accountable for breaking it.
Bolivia lost funding because they objected to the cocoa provision in the 1961 treaty. The 1961 treaty is still the foundation and bedrock upon which drug control policy is made worldwide. Nominally everyone has to do their duty as signatory, but it’s fragmented. People are signed on, but increasingly not really even honoring the letter of the law. The US would be first in line in terms of my description of countries that are doing that. Nowhere else in the world have they legalized cannabis. It’s a weird situation, but we’re the biggest breakers of the UN drug control treaty right fucking now. Right now. That is powerful, because other countries feel free to do it without repercussions. If the US tries to crack down on them or cut off aid, they can say what about Washington, Colorado, Alaska, Washington DC, Oregon, California? You can’t really hold us to be the law breakers here.
Symbolically, it is fragmenting and in that way the consensus around it is breaking. That can go very positive directions in some places, in Spain it’s going positive, in Portugal it’s going positive direction, Uruguay it’s going positive direction, in certain parts of Latin America it’s going in a positive direction. It can get really nasty as well.

Shango: Doctor Corva, it sounds like your organization is producing important research at the local, state, nation, and participating with things at the international level. I’m sure that many of our audience are going to be interested in following up more. Where can folks find out more about CASP?

Dr. Corva: www.cannabisandsocialpolicy.org is our website, and my contact information, email, and phone number, are on there. People are free to contact me any time.

Shango: Thank you Doctor Corva for joining me today. Doctor Dominic Corva is executive director of The Center for the Study of Cannabis and Social Policy. I am Shango Los, founder of the Vashon Island Marijuana Entrepreneurs Alliance, thank you for listening to Ganjapreneur.com.

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The White House Removes Marijuana Research Restrictions

The Obama Administration has announced that the federal government will drop current marijuana research restrictions, leaving the door open to long-awaited and much-needed investigations into the efficacy of medical cannabis.

“Eliminating the Public Health Service review should help facilitate additional research to advance our understanding of both the adverse effects and potential therapeutic uses for marijuana or its components,” explained Mario Moreno Zepeda, a spokesman for the Office of National Drug Control Policy.

The Public Health Service review was a stifling bureaucratic process first established under the Clinton Administration in 1999 to ensure the scientific validity of certain research projects — applications for cannabis research were particularly demanding, and cannabis ultimately became much more difficult to study than cocaine or heroin. Ultimately, the review process obstructed more research than it encouraged.

Earlier this year, a bipartisan group of legislators — even some who support the continuation of prohibition — called for these restrictions to be lifted.

“This announcement shows that the White House is ready to move away from the war on medical marijuana and enable the performance of legitimate and necessary research,” remarked Bill Piper, director of the Drug Policy Alliance’s office of national affairs.

Sources:

http://rt.com/usa/268966-white-house-restriction-marijuana-research/

http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/6/22/white-house-removes-marijuana-research-barrier.html

Photo Credit: Eric Weaver

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Oregon Lawmakers Grant Certain Eastern Counties the Right to Ban Marijuana Sales

Oregon lawmakers tasked with implementing Measure 91 — the successful 2014 voter initiative to legalize recreational marijuana — have approved a bill granting certain local governments the right to ban marijuana sales in their counties. This is a direct violation of the initiative’s initial language, which stated that localities wishing to ban marijuana sales would have to do so via a local election.

Passed unanimously by the House-Senate marijuana committee, House Bill 3400 allows the local governments of Oregon counties where more than 55 percent of local voters opposed legalization to opt out of the medical and/or recreational cannabis industries. 15 counties demonstrated that level of opposition, all of them in the eastern half of the state.

Additionally, HB 3400 allows local governments to collect up to 3 percent in sales tax on recreational marijuana sales.

The bill also covers issues regarding the production and retailing process for legal marijuana, including a seed-to-sale tracking system and other regulations such as testing requirements and advertising restrictions.

HB 3400 now moves to the full House and Senate.

Recreational marijuana becomes legal in Oregon on July 1, though retail stores are not expected to open until sometime next year.

Sources:

http://www.cannalawblog.com/oregons-new-recreational-marijuana-market-sorry-eastern-oregon

Photo Credit: Baker County Tourism

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Delaware Governor Signs Cannabis Decriminalization Bill

Delaware joined the ranks of states working to reform criminal marijuana laws this week, as Governor Jack Markell signed into law a bill that will decriminalize possession of up to an ounce of cannabis. The move is an encouraging step toward reducing the racially-skewed rate of incarceration for nonviolent marijuana offenses.

Sponsored by Rep. Helene Keeley (D.-Wilmington), the bill passed the Senate on Thursday and the House earlier this month, with lawmakers voting along party lines. No Republican voted in favor of the legislation in either chamber. Police groups also opposed the measure, claiming that it would limit their ability to initiate searches useful in bringing charges against dealers and traffickers.

The legislation, which won’t go into effect until six months from now, makes possession of up to an ounce of marijuana punishable by a $100 civil fine and possible confiscation of the drug. Neither possession nor private use will be punishable by criminal penalties, though it remains strictly illegal to sell or consume in a public space.

Evidence that the enforcement of drug possession laws disproportionately affects people of color helped garner support for the bill. According to a 2013 study by the American Civil Liberties Union, the number of marijuana-related arrests increased by 102% between 2001 and 2010, the second-highest increase in the country. Nearly 80% of these arrests were for marijuana possession only. Blacks made up 47% of those arrested, although just 22% of the population is black.

Between police, corrections facilities, and judicial and legal fees, marijuana enforcement costs Delaware $13,324,181 each year.

Source:

http://www.delawareonline.com/story/firststatepolitics/2015/06/18/senate-debate-marijuana/28927757/

Photo Credit: Marc Fuyà

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New York Senate Passes Emergency MMJ Access Bill

In a rare display of bipartisanship, the New York Senate passed a bill that would speed up access to medical marijuana for patients suffering from severe illnesses. The bill passed the Republican-controlled senate 50-12 after clearing the Democrat-controlled Assembly 130-18, reflecting an increasing recognition among politicians of all stripes that marijuana can be used to help manage a variety of illnesses.

If signed into law, the bill would give “special certification” to patients suffering from a “progressive and degenerative” disease or who are at risk of death or health problems without access to the medicine. “This will help a select group of patients that may not survive as they wait for the Compassionate Care Act [New York’s medical marijuana program] to be fully formatted and in place,” said Sen. Joseph Griffo (R.-Rome).

Much of the pressure to pass the legislation came from parents of children who suffer from intractable epilepsy, who traveled repeatedly to the Capitol to express their support for the bill.

The bill moves now to Governor Andrew Cuomo, who has yet to indicate his position on the legislation.

Source:

http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/06/15/emergency-medical-marijuana-bill/28790103/

Photo Credit: -JvL-

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Canada High Court Rules All Forms of Cannabis Legal for Medical Use

Canada’s highest court made a laudable legal decision last week, ruling unanimously that all forms of cannabis are legal for medical purposes. The decision brings edibles, concentrates, topical lotions and other forms under the legal medical marijuana umbrella.

The court ruled that patients should not be restricted to smoking marijuana for treatment, and wrote that “inhaling marihuana [sic] can present health risks and… is less effective for some conditions than administration of cannabis derivatives.” Forcing medical marijuana patients to smoke the plant when other forms of ingestion are possible, the court noted, “unjustifiably violates the guarantee of life, liberty and security of the person.”

The legal battle for non-smokable forms of marijuana began six years ago, when Owen Smith was caught with more than 200 weed cookies he had baked for the Victoria Cannabis Buyers Club. In an interview with CBC News, Smith said that the Canadian government, which has opposed the normalization of marijuana, “really did lose quite poorly … because they had no evidence to support their claims.”

The decision, of course, is big news for Canadian cannabis companies. “Another market the size of California just opened up for our products,” said David Posner, CEO of Nutritional High.

Sources:

http://www.forbes.com/sites/julieweed/2015/06/11/canadian-supreme-court-legalizes-medicinal-marijuana-edibles-concentrates-and-other-derivatives/

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/medical-marijuana-activist-owen-smith-vindicated-on-the-highest-level-1.3110260

Photo Credit: Laurel L. Russwurm

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CWCBExpo Comes to New York City

The Cannabis World Congress & Business Expositions (CWCBExpo) in New York is the leading event on the East Coast for the legalized and medical marijuana industry.   For three days and all under one roof, CWCBExpo in NY features education, information, and products for navigating and prospering in this high growth industry.

Billed as the American “green rush,” the cannabis industry is projected to reach more than $30 Billion by 2020, and CWCBExpo in NY is the go-to source for entrepreneurs, investors, established business owners, and the medical community to learn how to succeed.

Highlights of CWCBExpo include:

  • Marijuana Isn’t Going to Legalize Itself!” Keynote Address by Ethan Nadelmann of the Drug Policy Alliance
  • Medical Marijuana Regulatory Summit led by New York State Senator Diane Savino and other federal and state lawmakers
  • Educational classes covering everything from how to Legally Invest in a Cannabis Business and Setting up a Cannabis Lab to Cannabis Products for Women and Partnering with Celebrities to Expand Your Cannabis Business
  • Top Cannabis Experts and trailblazers sharing their knowledge and insight including Adam Bierman, The MedMen; Avis Bulbulyan, Bulbulyan Consulting; Greg Gamet, Kush Bottles; Ata Gonzalez, Real Estate Developer; Scott Greiper, Viridian Capital Advisors; Ryan Hurley, Rose Law Group;  John Nicolazzo, Marijuanadoctors.com; Cheryl Shuman, Cheryl Shuman Inc.; Josh Stanley, Marijuana Cultivator; and Lorraine Yarde, RxSafes
  • Investing in the Cannabis Industry While Managing Risk,” exclusive investor briefing hosted by Viridian Capital Advisors
  • New products and services for the legalized and medical marijuana industry including greenhouses from GreenCo; plant feed from DutchMasters; hemp oil from HempMeds; new flavored custom-designed capsules, money kiosks, vaping systems, extraction equipment, dry leaf trimmers, hemp meds for pets, display systems, grow lights, and more.

Billions can be made in the cannabis industry in every sector of business from manufacturing and logistics to legal and financial services.  Savvy entrepreneurs, service providers, and investors from across the country and around the world are registering for CWCBExpo in New York to find out how to succeed in the cannabis industry.  Go to www.cwcbexpo.com for more information.

#CWCBExpo

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Ethan Russo: Endocannabinoid Deficiency & Medical Cannabis

Subscribe to the Ganjapreneur podcast on iTunes, Stitcher, SoundCloud or Google Play.Endocannabinoid Deficiency: GW Pharmaceuticals & PhytecWhen the acceptance of medical cannabis goes mainstream, the pharmaceuticals landscape could face the most significant disruption of its existence. Due to the federal classification of marijuana as a Schedule 1 controlled substance, researching possible medical uses for the plant has been difficult. However, this has not stopped some companies from conducting their own research and clinical trials of cannabis medicines.

Our latest podcast interview features Dr. Ethan Russo, formerly Senior Medical Advisor to GW Pharmaceuticals, who participated in three clinical trials of the drug Sativex. Dr. Russo recently left GW Pharmaceuticals and can now speak publicly for the first time about his research: up until now, he could only be heard at expensive, exclusive conferences. He is now Medical Director at Phytecs, a company specializing in the production of cannabis-based treatments related to the endocannabinoid system. Everything that contemporary cannabis healers talk about in relation to cannabis as medicine is based on Dr. Russo’s published research, including the power of cannabis terpenes, the Entourage Effect, and Endocannabinoid Deficiency.

In this interview, our host Shango Los asks Dr. Russo about Endocannabinoid Deficiency (ECD) and the potential for it to be treated by cannabis. All human beings have an endocannabinoid system, which, according to Russo, regulates nearly every aspect of physiology. The Phytecs website states:

“The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a homeostatic regulatory system that forms the cornerstone of a vast signaling network found in all vertebrates including humans. The ECS effectively ‘regulates regulation’ for physiological processes.”

Endocannabinoid Deficiency is just coming into general awareness now as a cause behind several conditions including Migraines, Fibromyalgia, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Phantom Limb Pain, Infantile colic, Glaucoma, PTSD, Bipolar disease and others. If cannabis becomes accepted by the mainstream medical community as a treatment for ECD and its associated conditions, the implications for the pharmaceuticals market would be staggering to say the least. Listen to the podcast or read the transcript below to learn about the science behind ECD and how Dr. Russo believes cannabis can be used as a treatment!

Subscribe to the Ganjapreneur podcast on iTunes, Stitcher, SoundCloud or Google Play.


Listen on Soundcloud:


Read the Full Transcript:

Shango Los: Welcome to the Ganjapreneur.com podcast. My name is Shango Los and I will be your host today.
Ethan Russo, MD, is a board-certified neurologist, psychopharmacology researcher, and former Senior Medical Advisor to GW Pharmaceuticals. He served as study physician to GW Pharmaceuticals for three Phase III clinical trials of the cannabis drug Sativex.
He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Massachusetts Medical School, before residencies in Pediatrics in Phoenix, Arizona and in Child and Adult Neurology at the University of Washington in Seattle. He was a clinical neurologist in Missoula, Montana for 20 years in a practice with a strong chronic pain component. In 1995, he pursued a 3-month sabbatical performing ethnobotanical research with indigenous people in Peru. He joined GW as a full-time consultant in 2003.
He is currently past president of the International Cannabinoid Research Society and is former chairman of the International Association for Cannabinoid Medicines. He is author of the Handbook of Psychotropic Herbs, co-editor of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Potential and author of The Last Sorcerer: Echoes of the Rainforest. He was founding editor of the Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, selections of which were published as books; Cannabis Therapeutics in HIV/AIDS, Women and Cannabis: Medicine, Science and Sociology, and Cannabis: From Pariah to Prescription and so many more.
He is presently medical director at PHYTECS, an American company developing endocannabinoid-based medicines. Everything that contemporary cannabis cures talk about in relation to cannabis as medicine is based on Ethan’s published research; cannabis terpenes, their human powers and volatility, the entourage effect and whole plant medicine and endocannabinoid deficiency. Today he is here to speak with us about endocannabinoid deficiency. Welcome, Dr. Russo.

Ethan Russo: Thank you.

Shango Los: Dr. Russo, your research supports that each human has an underlying endocannabinoid tone that reflects the state of their body’s cannabinoid receptors and that a deficient amount of endocannabinoids can lead to all sorts of physical failures in the body. Would you explain to me what you mean by endocannabinoid tone and how it offers insights to the state of the body as a whole?

Ethan Russo: Sure. The endocannabinoid system is a system in the body that is one that promotes homeostasis, a balance in other functions. It consists of 3 components. There are cannabinoid receptors in the body where THC in cannabis binds, but the endocannabinoid system is a lot older than cannabis so cannabis is not there just to get as high. This doesn’t have the system originated rather these receptors are in the brain, one called CB1.
Cannabinoid 1 is the psychoactive receptor. This is where THC works, but it has many important functions in the brain, including regulation of pain, seizure threshold whether someone will be epileptic or not, whether they become nauseated. It regulates levels of neurotransmitters, chemical messengers in the brain. Additionally, there’s a CB2, another receptor that’s mainly thought of as being out in the body where it’s involved in again regulation of pain and inflammatory responses. The receptors are 1 component of the endocannabinoid system.
There are endogenous cannabinoids. These are natural chemicals in the body, anandamide and 2HE; their names are the best characterized ones. These resemble THC in their activity. A lot of what THC does is paralleled by the effects of these natural chemicals in the body that everyone has.
The third component of the endocannabinoid system is the enzymes that make the endocannabinoids and break them down. If there are too many receptors or too much endocannabinoid or there is a deficit in enzymatic activity, any of these things can throw the balance off in the system. Someone having decreased endocannabinoid count could come about because they have too few receptors or they too few endocannabinoids, but ultimately the body tries to keep these in balance so that the systems work at their best.

Shango Los: The endocannabinoid tone itself in your papers it sounds like that maybe a quantifiable or measurable thing. What exactly would you say the endocannabinoid tone is?

Ethan Russo: It would reflect the amount of endogenous cannabinoids in the body that would be one, but it would also be affected by the number of receptors that were active and that’s something that can be influxed. It can change upwards or downwards. Let me give an example.
If someone uses a great deal of cannabis daily, it will actually down regulate the receptor. In other words the body tries to prevent excesses of activity and it will do that by inactivating the receptor if there’s too much activity, so that could happen. There are also things that can up regulate the receptor, make it more active.
It is a function of all 3 and it’s not an easy thing to measure either. I’m sure that people wonder already they might have an endocannabinoid deficiency. Right now this isn’t accessible by any simple blood test. The amount of say anandamide, one of the endocannabinoids, in the blood can be measured but with great differently. It’s a research technique.
The material actually breaks down so rapidly that if someone’s blood sample is taken to test it. It’s got to be immediately put in a liquid nitrogen and send off to a specialty lab that does this work. Certainly, it’s not available at your friendly local hospital to test.
In actuality, the best way to test won’t be in the blood. Most of these conditions would be reflected in brain activity. A better way would be to test this rigorous spinal fluid that’s what you get when a spinal tap or lumbar puncture is done. Because that’s an invasive procedure, we don’t do that in this situation except as a research technique either.
Someday hopefully soon there might be a way to do imaging of the brain to assess the endocannabinoid activity that would be the best way hopefully without requiring any needle sticks or anything else that’s invasive. Right now for most people this is going to be what we call a diagnosis of exclusion meaning that if other things are not identified as the culprit it may be that this is going on. It will be what’s called the clinical diagnosis based on the pattern of the illness.

Shango Los: In the idea of the tone it sounds like if you have too many or too little on either side of the relationship either between the receptors or the cannabinoids themselves that is where the issue is. Does it not really matter if you have a smaller relationship, less receptors and less cannabinoids or more receptors and more cannabinoids that is in as much of the difference? The question is whether or not they are equal.

Ethan Russo: I think you’ve identified the issue. You can have too many receptors but not enough endocannabinoids. Really they need to be in balance. This brings to the fore an issue I should emphasize at this point. The whole function of the endocannabinoid system is what’s called as a homeostatic regulator. Let’s break that down.
Homeostasis is a balance in bodily function. The endocannabinoid system regulates how other aspects of physiology, how our body works. Let’s give a couple of examples. One of the main things the endocannabinoid system does in the brain is regulate the amount of neurotransmitters, their activity.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the brain that allow 1 nerve to talk to another. Let’s say for example that there’s too much glutamate activity. This is one of those neurotransmitters. It’s stimulatory, in other words 1 nerve communicating with the next increases its signal. That’s all well and good. It’s a necessary function but when it’s present in excess it will do 2 things that are potentially bad.
One is it produces neuropathic pain, nerve-based pain, a very severe kind of pain that’s associated with nerve problems out in the body or nerve damage in the brain, that’s one. Additionally, glutamate activity is excessive after head injury or strokes so much so that actually can kill brain cells. See, understand then that if there’s too much glutamate that the endocannabinoid system if it’s able to bring those levels down is a helpful thing in promoting health. If we look at systems beyond the brain, the digestion, hormonal systems, the skin, regulation of pain, whether or not somebody have a seizure, all of these are regulated by the endocannabinoid system.
Now the really surprising thing is this system has only been described for about 20 years, a little bit more. We wouldn’t know about it yet maybe if we didn’t know about cannabis, because it was through the study of THC and cannabis and other cannabinoids that this system was discovered. It likely would have taken another 1 or 2 decades to recognize it and its importance have it not been for this relationship.

Shango Los: If the cannabinoid receptors being out of balance causes impacts, it begs the question for patients at home who are self medicating with cannabis. Is it possible that they could intake too much of cannabinoid precursors or through like RSO or something and end up over flushing their brain with endocannabinoids and throwing themselves out of whack?

Ethan Russo: That’s certainly a risk. Most cannabis-based therapeutic requires very low doses, particularly of THC. The tincture in excessive intake is what’s called tolerance or down regulation. We mentioned a little while ago that if there’s too much activity the cannabinoid receptors will become less active. This is what happens when somebody uses so much THC that they become tolerant to it. What the consumer would notice is the amount of cannabis that previously would give them the effect they want saying feeling high no longer work that they needed a lot more in contrast.
When people are treating symptoms particularly those associated with what we call clinical endocannabinoid deficiency and that would be migraine, fibromyalgia and idiopathic bowel syndrome or spastic colon those 3 examples. What they seem to respond to in contrast are very low doses of a cannabis-based medicine and that could be low doses of THC or perhaps higher doses of cannabidiol, which tends to itself promote the function of anandamide, one of the endocannabinoids and help bring the systems into balance better.

Shango Los: 2 of the ailments they talked about in your research are both the bowel syndrome and migraine. As a migraine sufferer, I was very interested in r6eading the specific mechanics of how the endocannabinoid tone being out of balance creates an opportunity for migraines. Whichever you think is the better example? Would you choose one of those and get into specifics about the mechanics of it so folks can picture for themselves the role that endocannabinoid system plays in the ailment?

Ethan Russo: Sure. Let’s choose migraine. Now this is one of those situations where there’s a real danger of oversimplification because this is really complicated. For something that so many people get migraine is incredibly complex and to these days still poorly understood.
What we know is this. There’s no blood test for it. There’s nothing … No test specifically that tells you that someone has it but it’s totally based on the clinical pattern and that is the type of headache that’s often primarily one-sided. It tends to have a beating quality. It can be associated with nausea that can be very severe and it’s also associated with what are called photophobia and phonophobia. Respectively, those mean a sensitivity of the eyes to light and ears to sound.
Things that are normally not painful become painful to the patient having a migraine. Now this has a lot because it indicates that everything is geared up too high. It’s like the filters are off when somebody has this. They have this terrible pounding pain, nausea, sensitivity of eyes to light and ears to sound and it’s really a miserable condition.
What we know and this has been proven now. Given that I wrote my initial big paper on the clinical endocannabinoid deficiency in 2004, we have 11 years of subsequent research that actually shows that anandamide, one of the endogenous cannabinoids, is lower in people with migraine. This was done in the cerebrospinal fluid with spinal taps.
This is a study I had suggested way back when, but I didn’t think that it could be performed ethically in the United States. I guessed they were able to do it I’m Italy, because that’s exactly what they showed was that there was a significant lowering of anandamide in the spinal fluid of people with migraine as compared to those who didn’t have it. In essence that was the first I think real objective proof of clinical endocannabinoid deficiency.
It’s interesting because every symptom that I mentioned on relation to migraine seems to be alleviated pretty well by treatment with cannabis or to lesser extent THC on its own. When I was in neurology practice among my patients in practice and patients who reported to me about 80 percent of people who use cannabis to treat migraine seem to find it helpful both at the time taking it when they have a headache and especially as a preventive.
Now people may think that that’s new. It’s actually not. The first mention of this in the literature may have been 4,000 years ago if we read the science right from the ancient Acadian and Sumerian writings, but certainly we know this. Between by the 1840 and 1940, cannabis was a mainstream medicine both in Europe and the US. Actually, migraine was one of the most frequently reported uses for cannabis and great success was noted with those preparations. Now they had a lot of problems with quality control that won’t be evident now if medicine is made properly, so I think that this has great promise for the future.

Shango Los: For a patient who is self medicating and until the day comes that potentially there is an FDA-tested medicine out, what would you say would be the appropriate way for a patient to medicate? Do you think that an RSO preparation is appropriate? Do you think that actually smoking it so it takes effect more quickly? What is the method of delivery that you think is most likely to be effective?

Ethan Russo: It’s a complex topic. I mentioned earlier I think that the solution here is very low doses and so starting with the concentrate would be risky. What tends to happen there particularly for a medical patient especially in this context is it’s very easy to overshoot. A patient should be treating to the point of symptom control, not psycho-activity. Chances are with the concentrate the first inhalation is going to make them quite high and it might reduce their symptoms but maybe more than they need.
The ideal treatment to me in this situation is one that allows the patient to reduce their symptoms or eliminate them but still function. In other words people are not necessarily looking to have mental changes from their medicine. They’re looking for a relief and particularly for people who need to be working or studying it would be great to be able to get rid of the pain, nausea, et cetera and still be able to work, not feel high and certainly this can be done.
The approach would ideally be I think to have a medicine that was primarily cannabidiol perhaps a very small amount of THC and again use in a very sequential way, in other words very small amount to the point of benefit on symptoms and hopefully without psycho-activity.

Shango Los: What would you say the appropriate ratio would be something as simple as a 2 to 1 or as high of a CBD to THC ratio as you can manage?

Ethan Russo: Really the latter. Unfortunately, not all consumers who even have legal access in the states where they live are going to have reliable lab test on which to base their attempts of treatment. It really is what we call a therapeutic experiment. My best advice in all instances is to start low and go slow, particularly for the person who might have chronic frequent migraines.
Treating this preventively certainly should start with the lowest possible doses working up very slowly to the point that there’s benefit on the frequency and severity of the migraine attacks. Given that it’s a chronic condition ideally is to get better but get better slowly without creating side effects.
The problem with many cannabis-based medicines is particularly in naïve patients who hasn’t used cannabis before if their first experience is a bad one, which can happen particularly with concentrates, they may not return to it. They may have lost a good opportunity to successfully treat their condition. That would be a shame but that’s just one among many reasons that I think the slow what we call titration, slow increase in dose, is the best approach to this kind of clinical problem.

Shango Los: Now that we know that this kind of lack of balance has such an effect, what direction is the research going in? Now that we know that it exists, is the research moving towards how can we test for this without a spinal tap or is there some other area that’s hot right now?

Ethan Russo: That’s been slow and I’d like to help change that. I am hoping that n the next few years we can work with colleagues on doing brain imaging like I mentioned that would give us an idea of the state of someone’s endocannabinoid system. We can look with a special testing at levels in the blood of the endogenous cannabinoids and other conditions and see if we can produce correlations that would support that these are really important and how that disease works like I suspect is the case.
Because again this isn’t limited to migraine at all but certainly fibromyalgia, idiopathic bowel syndrome and possibly many others, including such common current problems as posttraumatic stress disorder. There’s very good evidence that there is an endocannabinoid deficiency operative in that disorder.

Shango Los: You said it earlier that the endocannabinoid system we’ve been aware of it for about 20 years and your cornerstone research on it that was published in 2004 and here we are now in 2015 and it’s just now finding its way out of academia and into citizen healer’s and patient’s knowledge. Why do you think that it’s taken so long for it to reach the patients?

Ethan Russo: It’s like anything else. Not everything gets noticed when it’s first mentioned. At the time I wrote the paper in 2004, there was not a lot of objective evidence. In the paper I try to assemble what was known about how these diseases worked and how they were affected by the endogenous cannabinoid system and by cannabis. Since then things have really changed and that as I mentioned there’s been the objective proof of an endocannabinoid deficiency in migraine. There’s been a lot of other evidence, too.
If I could talk about fibromyalgia for a minute this has a lot in common with migraine and they tend to happen in the same people. Fibromyalgia is a painful muscle spasm and pain condition. Now what it has in common with migraine is you can’t see anything. If you look at the tissues, it looks okay. If you scan it, it looks okay. Again, like migraine, there is pain on the proportion to what seems to be necessary. The pain can wander around the body. It can be quite disabling. It’s associated with a sleep disorder. Unfortunately, although it’s very common it’s treated very poorly by available medicines.
In 2014, the National Pain Report came out with a survey of 1,300 fibromyalgia patients and asking them how they responded to several agents. There are actually 3 drugs approved in the US to treat it. These are called duloxetine, milnacipran, and pregabalin. The first 2 are antidepressants that work on serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing the amounts of both. The third is an anticonvulsant, a seizure medicine that’s actually used to treat nerve-based pain.
However, these 1,300 patients who responded to the survey they found that these 3 drugs; duloxetine was very effective in only 8 percent, milnacipran in only 10 percent, and pregabalin in only 10 percent. They found that they got a little bit of help with duloxetine 32 percent, milnacipran 22 percent, and pregabalin 29 percent. However, people felt that they got no help at all from these drugs; duloxetine 60 percent, milnacipran 68 percent, and pregabalin 61 percent. This is pretty bad.
Now let’s compare with those people who used cannabis. 62 percent reported cannabis is very effective for this condition, so that’s 6 times better than any of the drugs that were approved for it. In the cannabis patients 33 percent additionally found that it helped a little and only 5 percent got no benefit at all.

Shango Los: Probably with a lot of side effects too.

Ethan Russo: Hopefully but one looks at the graph as I do in front of me it’s pretty readily apparent that there’s a big qualitative difference and that cannabis clearly is the best medicine as compared to the 3 FDA-approved drugs for this condition. Obviously, we need to do better and hopefully soon there will be legal access for cannabis-based medicine whether prescription or otherwise for other people that have condition, which is actually the most common diagnosis amongst dermatologists in the US, so it’s a very common condition.

Shango Los: Chances are we’re opening a lot of folks’ eyes to endocannabinoid deficiency just with our interview. For folks who are now interested in the topic and may want to find out more, it’s a pretty obscure topic. Where would you recommend that people go to find out more?

Ethan Russo: Hopefully, we can provide a URL to my study. There are lots of other studies. Additionally, we’ll be talking about this at Patients Out of Time conference coming up later in May in West Palm Beach, Florida. Eventually, a recording of the topic there which would be similar content to our discussion today will be online later that will also be available for continuing medical education credit so that patients could suggest that their doctors see this and they can get credit for it from watching it online. Additionally, because there’s been 11 years of additional research in this area I hope to write another article about this.

Shango Los: Fantastic. Dr. Russo, thank you for joining me today and thanks for sharing with us about endocannabinoid deficiency.

Ethan Russo: Thank you.

Shango Los: Dr. Ethan Russo is a world-renowned neurologist and cannabis researcher. I am Shango Los, founder of the Vashon Island Marijuana Entrepreneurs Alliance. Thank you for listening to Ganjapreneur.com.


 

Photo Credit: Natalie Martin

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New York City Hospital Partners with Colorado Dispensary for NY Medical Marijuana License

North Shore-LIJ Health System, a major New York City hospital network, has partnered with Colorado’s Silverpeak Apothecary in hopes to be approved as one of the state’s few licensed medical marijuana providers.

North Shore-LIJ runs 19 hospitals with an additional 400 outpatient physicians in New York City, Long Island and Westchester County. Silverpeak has operated dispensaries in Colorado since 2009.

The team, working in New York as Silverpeak NY LLC, has enlisted the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research – a research arm for North Shore-LIJ – to develop a program to research marijuana in order to “[advance] the science” behind the drug, according to a press release. The Feinstein Institute has existing research in the field focused on schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, substance abuse, chronic pain, epilepsy and neurologic conditions.

“We are extraordinarily proud to be part of such a groundbreaking partnership,” Jordan Lewis, CEO of Silverpeak Apothecary, said in a press release. “North Shore-LIJ’s commitment to patient care, as well as their ongoing efforts to explore new frontiers in medicine is remarkable. The extraordinary vision of their leadership and world-class clinical and research talent will provide a framework in which data driven cannabis therapeutics can thrive. Silverpeak NY is a partnership that will benefit the patients of New York profoundly.”

James Romagnoli, North Shore-LIJ vice president of corporate security and emergency management, describes their proposal as a “vertically integrated system” which will include growing and processing the byproducts of the plants, noting that New York’s law does not allow patients to smoke the drug.

The state will allow five organizations to set up four dispensaries in the state and while Silverpeak NY is hoping to secure their license, another 43 businesses have applied for a license, according to New York Health Department documents. Those documents do not indicate the geographic location of the proposals – further raising the issue of patient access. Just a handful of the companies vying for the New York license are headquartered outside of New York City.

One of the potential upstate licensees, North Country Roots, headquartered in Plattsburgh New York, met with Clifton Park town officials and citizens last April and pitched them the idea of having a dispensary in the small central New York town.

Dahn Bull, director of communications for the Town of Clifton Park, said since that initial meeting they have not heard any other proposals from other potential companies.

“[North Country Roots] were very open about the process about what they were looking into,” Bull said. “They answered questions, they took questions and comments from the public – it was a very cordial discussion.”

Despite their metro location, Stephanie Iannello, public relations specialist for North Shore-LIJ, said that although the hospital operates primarily in the downstate market the organization would be able to make the drug available for a large number of New York patients. Iannello warned that they are still in the early approval stages so it was “too early to tell” whether or not the group would set up dispensaries out of their coverage zones.

“We know our patients and we know their symptoms and, upon state approval, we would eliminate the [access] barrier,” she said.

According to the state Health Department, the drug would be available in January for an approved list of 10 conditions.

Photo Credit: Official U.S. Navy Page

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Colorado Supreme Court Upholds Right of Employers to Fire Cannabis Users, Even MMJ Patients

The Colorado Supreme Court unanimously upheld decisions by lower courts that allow employers to fire employees for off-the-clock medical marijuana use. According to the state’s lawful off-duty activities statute, an activity must be legal under both state and federal law in order for an employee to be protected.

The case involved Brandon Coats, who brought a suit against his former employer, Dish Network, after being fired for testing positive for THC. Coats is a quadriplegic who uses medical marijuana to treat spasms and debilitating seizures that resulted from a car accident. He worked as a service representative for three years at Dish before being fired.

The case highlights the lack of protections that are extended to individuals who use marijuana in states where the drug has been legalized.

“It’s now painfully clear that something akin to a medical marijuana bill of rights is needed for patients in Colorado,” said Art Way, director of the Drug Policy Alliance in Colorado. “Patients, advocates and legislators must find a way to extend the rights of patients and legal adult marijuana users when it comes to employment, housing and parental rights.”

Currently only three states — Arizona, Delaware and Minnesota — prohibit employers from disciplining employees who test positive for THC if they are medical marijuana cardholders.

Source:

http://www.drugpolicy.org/news/2015/06/colorado-supreme-court-affirms-employers-rights-fire-medical-marijuana-patients-duty-ma

Photo Credit: Jeffrey Beall

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Delaware Chambers Unanimously Approve Bill Legalizing MMJ for Children with Epilepsy

Lawmakers in the Delaware House and Senate have unanimously approved a bill that would permit children to take part in the state’s medical marijuana program. The bill now heads to Governor Jack Markell.

The same bill, known as Rylie’s Law, would also allow patients suffering from intractable epilepsy access to the program.

Under the bill, minors under 18 years of age who qualify for the program would be issued special medical marijuana cards. They would only be allowed access to marijuana oils that contain at least 15% CBD and up to 7% THC.

Robert Capecchi, Deputy Director of State Policies for the Marijuana Policy Project, stated that the bill “recognizes the sad truth that kids face serious illnesses too, and it gives doctors one more legal option to help them find relief.”

Meanwhile, Delaware’s first medical marijuana dispensary is set to open in Wilmington on June 26th.

Source:

http://www.thedailychronic.net/2015/44188/delaware-lawmakers-unanimously-approve-allowing-medical-marijuana-oils-by-children/

Photo Credit: Coleen Whitfield

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How Chris Christie’s Opinions About Marijuana Will Send His Presidential Prospects Up In Smoke

New Jersey governor Chris Christie was once considered to be a viable contender for the 2016 Republican presidential nomination. Then Bridgegate happened. And allegations of using public funds to buy snacks at Metlife Stadium. And his pension reform. Now, his recent comments about how he would handle legalized marijuana in Colorado and Washington if he were to become president have pushed his White House dreams even further into the distance.

“If I’m President, I’ll Crack Down on Colorado Marijuana Laws”

Governor Christie discussed his views about legalized marijuana at the state level during a recent interview with John Dickerson on CBS’ Face the Nation. When asked if he would return the federal prosecution of marijuana sale and possession in states where it has been legalized, Christie replied with a curt “yes.” Following this question, Dickerson asked if Christie would attempt to end the legal sale of marijuana in these states during his presidency, to which Christie replied, “correct.”

Governor Christie is known to state his views openly and directly, no matter how others may perceive them. Later in this interview, he went on to say that he would not sugarcoat his views while campaigning in Colorado – Christie is against legalized marijuana and he’s not afraid to say it.

“You go out and tell people the truth and you lay out your ideas and you either win or you lose,” he said. Remember, when New Jersey’s coastline was being ravaged by Superstorm Sandy in 2012, this is the guy whose instructions were “get the hell off the beach.”

Christie’s Record in New Jersey

Governor Christie has a long record of opposing legalized recreational marijuana in New Jersey. In 2014, he made the following comments during a radio interview on NJ 101.5:

“I don’t care about the tax money that may come from it and I don’t care if people think it’s inevitable. It’s not inevitable here. I’m not going to permit. Never — as long as I’m governor.”

Ouch. In a state as expensive as New Jersey, the potential tax revenue from legalized marijuana is something that a lot of its residents, (48%, according to a recent Monmouth University poll) care quite a bit about. He went on to compare New Jersey to Colorado, where the sale of recreational marijuana has resulted in $53 million in tax revenue.

“Go to Colorado and see if you wanna live there. Head shops popping up on every corner and people flying in just to get high.”

America’s View of Christie

A national poll conducted in 2014 showed that approximately half of Americans recognize Chris Christie and roughly one quarter of those polled “liked him somewhat” or “liked him a lot.”

Although he has not officially declared that he plans to run for president, Christie has not officially denied that he’ll run. If he does, he faces considerable opposition from voters throughout the United States. Recent web polls that asked for users’ opinions about various public figures, juxtaposing images of fictional villains against actual presidential hopefuls, found that Chris Christie was consistently one of the lowest-rated public figures. America likes Darth Vader and Voldemort better than it likes Chris Christie, but at least he scored higher than Donald Trump. That’s gotta be worth something, right?

Photo Credit: New Jersey National Guard

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Oregon Legislature Agrees On Marijuana Tax and Local Control Deal

Legislators in Oregon have reached a tentative agreement on a deal that would result in a 20% sales tax on recreational marijuana. 17% of the tax revenues would go to the state, while the other 3% would go to localities.

The deal was made with the hopes that it will end the disagreement between cities and counties regarding how much power each has to limit sales of recreational and medical marijuana. The hope is that the issue of local control will be able to be set aside by legislators and instead be decided in the courts or by a legislative work group in the future.

Currently, a legal case in Cave Junction is deciding whether local governments can ban medical marijuana dispensaries in their jurisdiction.

The Senate has passed a measure allowing localities to prohibit dispensaries while at the same time allowing voters to overturn such bans.

Sen. Ginny Burdick (D.-Portland), co-chair of the Legislature’s marijuana panel, expressed a positive view of the tax deal: “We are reaching conclusions on this and I’m very encouraged by the progress we have made.”

Scott Winkels, the chief lobbyist for the League of Oregon Cities, was not as enthusiastic, noting that a mere 3% tax revenue for localities was not ideal, but went on to say that “getting the tax on the books, we view that as a victory.”

The 3% tax would be levied in addition to a state sales tax that has been moving forward in the legislature, and would replace the marijuana harvest tax included in the November Measure 91 initiative.

Source:

http://www.oregonlive.com/mapes/index.ssf/2015/06/the_oregon_legislatures_big_ma.html

Photo Credit: Edmund Garman

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Puerto Rico Bans Smoking of Medical Cannabis

After legalizing medical marijuana, lawmakers in Puerto Rico have banned smoking the plant. Speaking with the Associated Press this week, Justice Secretary Cesar Miranda stated that “smoking marijuana is not being contemplated as part of a medical treatment.”

Opponents to the ban claim that it is an onerous and shortsighted policy. Amanda Reiman, of the Drug Policy Alliance, stated that “a lot of patients prefer to inhale the cannabis than take it orally. If they have to take it only through a pill, it can be very difficult to tell what the right dose is.”

Ethan Nadelmann, executive director of the Drug Policy Alliance, noted that while patients who have trouble sleeping may prefer a digestible form of marijuana, those dealing with spasms, seizures or nausea likely prefer an intake method that provides a more immediate effect.

“Smoking brings on the pain relief in less than a minute… You want them to take the medication in the form that works best for them.”

Puerto Rico Health Secretary Ana Rius noted that the University of Puerto Rico will be working with two U.S. firms, Chicago-based Quantum 9 and Las Vegas-based GrowBlox Sciences, to research the use and production of medical marijuana.

Sources:

http://theantimedia.org/after-legalizing-medical-marijuana-puerto-rico-bans-smoking-it/

http://www.thedailychronic.net/2015/42955/puerto-rico-to-ban-smoking-of-medical-marijuana/

Photo Credit: Blind Nomad

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Robert Calkin: Making Cannabis Careers Possible

Cannabis Career InstituteOur most recent interview features Robert Calkin, founder of Cannabis Career Institute, an innovator among marijuana schools. Robert is also president of the nation’s first and arguably most successful branded MMJ delivery service, Green Dot Delivery.

“One of my life lessons has been underestimating people’s ability to make something happen through sheer will.”

In this interview, Robert explains his gradual transition from cannabis entrepreneur to eventually serving as a business consultant across many avenues of the industry. He tells us about the founding of CCI and discusses the many qualities that set his school apart from the competition, one of which emphasizes the development and maintaining of good business relationships with CCI students and the companies they go on to found.

Read the full interview below:


Ganjapreneur: What about the cannabis industry initially drew you to it?

Robert Calkin: I have been using cannabis since I was 11, so I think the immediate attraction was seeing how much influence and gravitas marijuana had. I saw that people had such a strong connection to it that it literally created a secret society where the members instantly recognized each other and only did business within that secret realm. This was a powerful attraction in that it was also insanely lucrative. I have had a delivery service all my life and started America’s first branded delivery service, Green Dot Delivery in California in 1988. Being financially independent all my life via cannabis was what inspired me to become a consultant and help others to do the same thing. I was also the first marijuana delivery consultant.

When was the idea for Cannabis Career Institute born?

I created the idea for CCI in 2008 at the height of the great recession, while working at Oaksterdam University. I had just created the curriculum for their Delivery 102 class, which was based on my book (Starting Your Own Medical Marijuana Delivery Service—The Mobile Caregiver’s Handbook) which I actually wrote while in class at Oaksterdam after I discovered they had no delivery class! I realized that people were hungry for more information on corporate structure, how to fill out the forms necessary to create a cannabis business and to just generally get support outside of class while working on their individual projects and business concepts. I wanted to provide a platform for them to be able to gauge the progress of their success, come back to get updates on the law and have an immediate almost unlimited pool of resources via our network.

How easy was it to find an interested student body for CCI during those early years?

When we first began no one wanted to advertise themselves as being “in the cannabis industry” so we had to advertise the classes without promoting the instructors. I always felt that Oaksterdam and CCI legitimized the cannabis industry by paying professionals to come in and teach standards to people who want to follow the law. Constitutionally we are also allowed to gather and share information, especially information geared toward following the law not getting around it. So as time progressed, people felt more comfortable coming out of the closet and admitting what they were doing for a living. We see this transformation in every state we go to where, initially people are frightened to even answer the phone and discuss it rationally, then months later they are “cannabis experts” who have been specializing in this “for years”. Then, everyone is fighting to be the first “marijuana attorney” or “marijuana accountant” in town. Then they are trying to “out-green” everyone!

What sort of educational services, information, and opportunities does Cannabis Career Institute offer its students?

We see ourselves as a mentoring program for people considering the cannabis industry as a career, or those who already have a concept or business plan that needs developing. We have classes across the country and once you have paid for one class you get to return to any of our classes for free. Not only that but we are available to our students outside of class for consulting and networking. We actually want to do business with our students and actively find them jobs. We provide an immediate group of talented individuals to anyone who enrolls who will help them to create an action team of their own. These are the people who will help you to do the things that you can’t or shouldn’t do like your accountant and your attorney.

CCI was founded in 2009 — were you expecting then that legalization efforts would ramp up in the ways we’ve seen since?

Yes I have been anticipating pretty much everything in this sector rolling out the way it has. That’s why I got trademarks on quite a few cannabis related businesses in 2010. CCI and Cannajobs are both federal trademarks, as are Cannabis State University and CannaMeeting. I have also trademarked Green Dot Delivery so I can license that model too.

Do you think we will someday see full legalization in the United States, including medical and recreational cannabis?

I believe we will see this happen at a lightning speed and an exponential rate. As we gain momentum, and this becomes more of a lifestyle issue and an attack on a subculture which of course has rights and needs that must be respected. Just as the AIDS movement and gay marriage got representation, with public education, all of a sudden they had a voice and a serious issue that had to be considered. The same thing is happening in this case. The people are creating an agenda that can’t be ignored: the need for alternative heath treatment and safe access, especially for children and the terminally ill.

How have states with recreational legalization influenced your plan for the future?

I am actually focusing more on states with no medical marijuana program just as much if not more than ones who have one already because we specialize in helping people who are just starting out in this industry and in developing brands. Many times this means local markets with specific marketing and branding needs. This is something we of course concentrate on and specialize in at CCI.

What has been the biggest obstacle you’ve faced while building your institution?

Actually I have not had many obstacles. As we started to grow we have experienced the usual pains of a corporation expanding, maybe not anticipating problems that pop up inevitably. Problems with credit card companies and bank accounts have been issues for us. Also, employees and partners who steal our business plans and business models has also been a problem but mostly turns out to be just an amusing anecdote in the end.

What do you think is the greatest contributing factor to your institution’s success?

The fact that we are open and available to our students 24-7 even outside of class for mentoring or consulting them on whatever it is they are working on has been a huge factor in our success. This leads to a lot of successful job placement, deal funding, networking opportunities that are priceless. I can’t tell you how many times people have said to me, “I can’t believe you answer your phone!” It’s because we enjoy what we do! We hear from people everyday who tell us their lives have completely changed since attending one of our seminars or utilizing our instructors. Our slogan has served us well which is “Your success is our success”. With a dash of self-reliance, you too can do anything you want in the cannabis industry!

What is one piece of advice you have for hopeful ganjapreneurs trying to get in on the industry?

Don’t let anyone discourage you from pursuing your business model. One of my life lessons has been underestimating people’s ability to make something happen through sheer will. Don’t discount the power of positive thought when it comes to entrepreneurialism as it helps you to create a tunnel vision that will serve you well. As long as it is the right business model—you will succeed.


Thank you Robert for your insights on this exciting industry, and for creating such a great opportunity for ganjapreneurs to learn the ways of the cannabusiness world! We’re looking forward to watching CCI grow as the legalization trend continues.

For more information on the Cannabis Career Institute, visit their website or contact the school directly here.

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Connecticut Legislature Overwhelmingly Approves Industrial Hemp Bill

The Connecticut State Senate has approved a bill that would allow the launch of hemp pilot programs and research plots in the state. The Senate’s unanimous approval of the bill follows the House’s 142-2 approval of the same legislation.

The bill, HB 5780, would strike hemp from Connecticut’s list of controlled substances, and would allow farmers to begin experimenting with industrial hemp as per the rules laid out in the 2014 federal Farm Bill.

The proposal classifies hemp as cannabis that contains less than 0.3% THC by dry weight.

The bill will now be sent to Governor Dannel Malloy, who has several options: he can sign it into law, do nothing and allow the bill to become law automatically, or veto it, although this is unlikely given the overwhelming support in both chambers.

Currently, the majority of hemp used in the United States is imported from Canada and China, the crop’s major exporters.

Sources:

https://thejointblog.com/connecticut-bill-to-legalize-industrial-hemp-passes-senate-unanimously-heads-to-governor/

http://www.thedailychronic.net/2015/43878/connecticut-lawmakers-approve-hemp-legalization-bill/

Photo Credit: pixonomy

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Colorado Governor Signs Permanent Cannabis Tax Break And Tax Holiday

Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper approved a bill on Thursday that cuts the tax on recreational cannabis from 10% to 8%. The break will not go into effect until 2017.

Supporters of the legislation argue that the tax break will help to bring down the price of legal marijuana, thereby allowing the state’s legal market to more effectively compete with its black market.

Furthermore, due to the wording of the Taxpayer’s Bill of Rights (TABOR), Colorado will have what is called a tax holiday on September 16th: marijuana sales will be tax-free that day. Although the legalization bill had originally been written so that it would repeal state taxes in 2017, TABOR requires that voters approve any new state taxes based on what the state estimates it will collect and spend from the tax. If either of these is greater than the estimates, citizens are allowed a refund.

Colorado hasn’t made more revenue from marijuana taxes than expected, but total spending is greater than initial estimates because of an uptick in the economy.

Another provision of TABOR is that it requires that the tax rate in question be cut to 0% in such a case. Hence the tax holiday: state lawmakers agreed to cut the rate to 0% for just one day in order to meet the constitutional obligation. The state expects to lose about $100,000 from recreational sales on the holiday.

Sources:

http://thejointblog.com/colorado-governor-signs-bill-to-reduce-cannabis-tax-establish-one-day-cannabis-tax-break/

http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_28252221/colorado-offer-one-day-tax-holiday-marijuana

Photo Credit: 401(K) 2012

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Poll Shows AZ Voters Support Recreational Marijuana and MMJ Research

A Rocky Mountain Poll published Wednesday finds that more than half of Arizona voters are in favor of legalizing recreational marijuana use.

83 percent of voters also favor allowing the state’s public universities to conduct research on marijuana’s effects on individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.

JP Holyoak, of the Campaign to Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol, stated that the drug’s continued prohibition reflects a failure of the political process: “It’s recognition of the failure of prohibition. We don’t arrest people for having a glass of wine with dinner. Why would we arrest people for consuming a substance that’s safer than alcohol?”

Local doctor Sue Sisley was fired from her position at the University of Arizona in 2014 after state lawmakers came out against her research on medical marijuana treatments for veterans. In reference to the poll, Sisley said that “it’s great to see we have that kind of support from the general public.”

Dr. Sisley had formerly been opposed to legalizing marijuana for medical use, but says that statistics on veteran suicides changed her mind. 22 veterans commit suicide each day in the U.S., and Sisley says that those veterans who use medical marijuana tend to hold jobs and live happier lives.

The Arizona Republic Party published a statement Wednesday making clear its opposition to marijuana legalization.

Source:

http://www.12news.com/story/news/local/valley/2015/06/03/poll-shows-more-than-half-support-marijuana/28441885/

Photo Credit: sean horan

 

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Companion Bills Filed In Wisconsin to Legalize Small Amounts of Marijuana

Legislators in Wisconsin’s House and Senate have filed two bills to legalize the possession of small amounts of marijuana and the cultivation of two plants.

The companion bills were filed by Representative Mandela Barnes (D.-Milwaukee) and Senator Chris Larson (D.-Milwaukee). Under the proposed legislation, individuals possessing less than 25 grams of marijuana would not be subject to criminal penalties. The personal cultivation of up to two plants would also be legal, although distribution would remain illegal, thus foregoing the possibility of a retail cannabis industry.

Currently, the possession of up to an ounce of marijuana in Wisconsin can bring with it a misdemeanor and up to six months in jail. Repeat offenses carry with them a felony and up to three and a half years in prison. Those found guilty of cultivating two marijuana plants would be subject to a felony and up to six years in prison.

The bill would also modify the procedures for weighing cannabis infused products. Currently, the entire weight of the product is considered during sentencing; under the new law, only the weight of the cannabis would be considered.

Source:

http://thejointblog.com/legislation-to-legalize-cannabis-possession-and-cultivation-filed-in-wisconsin-house-and-senate/

Photo Credit: Paul Sableman

 

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House of Representatives Votes to Protect State MMJ And Hemp Programs

The U.S. House of Representatives reauthorized an amendment that prohibits the Justice Department from interfering with medical marijuana programs in states where such programs are legal.

Reps. Dana Rohrabacher (R.-CA) and Sam Farr (D.-CA) attached the amendment to the 2016 Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies appropriations bill. It passed 242-186.

Rohrabacher defended the amendment in a strongly worded address Wednesday morning:

“This is absolutely absurd that the federal government is going to mandate all these things even though the people of the states and many doctors would like to have the right to prescribe to their patients what they think will alleviate their suffering. This is states’ rights issue. Our founding fathers didn’t want a police force that can bust down people’s doors. They wanted individual freedom.”

Before it can go into effect, the House amendment would have to pass a joint Conference with the Senate, which is likely to propose its own DEA appropriations bill.

Rep. Scott Perry (R-PA) proposed a second amendment that protects states that have authorized the medicinal use of marijuana oil extracts. It passed 297-130.

Lastly, the House approved a third amendment, proposed by Reps. Thomas Massie (R.-KY) and Suzanne Bonamici (D.-OR), that prevents the DEA from interfering with state-approved hemp programs.

Source:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/06/03/congress-medical-marijuana_n_7505066.html

Photo Credit: Paull Young

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Cheryl Shuman, Beverly Hills Cannabis Queen, Forms Marketing & Business Development Alliance with CWCBExpo in NY & LA

Media Personality & Cannabis Experts will Recruit Top Industry Participation & Expand Leading Cannabis Business Events Major Media & Social Media Reach

(Paramus, NJ, June 2, 2015)–The International Cannabis Association (ICA) is pleased to announce that media personality and cannabis expert Cheryl Shuman has formed a dynamic alliance with its Cannabis World Congress & Business Expositions (CWCBExpo).  In this coast –to-coast venture, ICA and Cheryl Shuman have teamed up to recruit the participation of the biggest names in the legalized and medical marijuana market at the Cannabis World Congress & Business Exposition taking place in the New York, NY and Los Angeles, CA.  The CWCBExpos are the country’s leading business expositions for this fast growing industry.

Cheryl Shuman is also hosting visionary Seneca Entrepreneur Ross John at the New York event and introducing their new joint venture designed to use Native sovereign status as a unique development asset that can help streamline and nurture cannabis related projects and programs.

Known as the Martha Stewart of Cannabis, Cheryl Shuman will be speaking at the CWCBExpo in New York on “Partnering with Celebrities to Expand Your Cannabis Business.”  Ms. Shuman will share her experiences working with hundreds of celebrities as brand ambassadors for successful cannabis businesses.   This high level session, on June 18th, will cover the ups, downs and everything in-between of working with some of the top names in Hollywood.

Cheryl Shuman brings her 25 years skills of public relations, media, product branding, and business development to this new alliance with the CWCBExpo events in New York, NY and Los Angeles, CA.  Ms. Shuman was recently featured on the cover of Adweek as Pot’s First Marketer, in Elle Magazine as The Most Powerful Women in the Pot Industry, named The Cannabis Queen of Beverly Hills by The New York Times Sunday Magazine as well as gracing The Cannabis Queen of Beverly Hills in The London Times Magazine.

“We are excited to be working with one of the most recognizable faces in the cannabis industry and creating even more awareness for the CWCBExpos as the premier events for this fast growing industry,” said Dan Humiston, President of International Cannabis Association, sponsors of the CWCBExpo.

“As a woman owned business, the partnership with International Cannabis Association and the CWCBExpo with my firm creates a wonderful opportunity for women around the world to follow in the footsteps of Pauline Sabin from the 1930’s who led a group of dedicated women to overturn alcohol prohibition; today, we are making history working towards the end of cannabis prohibition,” states Ms. Shuman.

“Celebrities and women are the secret to legalization. We are the family decision makers and influencers in society; after all, women buy 85% of all household and consumer products, according to Adweek. Now we can use that influence to change laws, save lives, families and introduce parents to new possible careers in the green rush. As an entrepreneur, it’s exciting to be on the ground floor of the cutting edge of making news and witnessing the convergence of women, celebrity and cannabis culture,” exclaimed Ms. Shuman.

Taking place June 17-19 at the Javits Center, CWCBExpo in New York features a dedicated day of workshops (June 17) including a course on cannabis careers and a certification class for opening a cannabis business.   The trade show and conference (June 18-19) also features a Keynote address by the Drug Policy Alliance, a Regulatory Medical Marijuana Summit with NY State Senator Diane Savino and more than 40 expert-led sessions covering all aspects of the cannabis business.

The Add-On Workshops, 2-day education program, and exhibits at CWCBExpo in New York makes it the largest event on the East Coast for providing learning and networking opportunities for healthcare professionals, lawyers, investors, entrepreneurs as well as established cannabis business owners and suppliers of products and services to the industry.

In the Fall, the CWCBExpo will take place September 16-18 at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles, CA.  For more information on the CWCBExpos visit www.cwcbexpo.com.


 

About Cheryl Shuman Inc.

Established in 1984, Cheryl Shuman Inc. is a public relations, media, product branding, event production and business development firm focusing on merging mainstream with the cannabis industry. In 2006, Shuman was diagnosed with cancer. After years of following failed allopathic medicine treatments, she opted for medical cannabis in the form of raw juice and oils as an alternative. Her success using medical cannabis led her to found the Beverly Hills Cannabis Club (www.BHCClub.com). Today, Cheryl is the most visible and recognizable entrepreneurs in the marijuana reform movement, recently receiving the 2013 Activist of the Year Award at Seattle Hempfest.  Cheryl has reached over 100 million viewers worldwide while appearing on such mainstream shows as CNN’s Piers Morgan Live, The Katie Couric Show, The View, ABC’s 20/20, Good Morning America, Fox Business News and many other media outlets. She was recently featured on the cover of Adweek as Pot’s First Marketer as the first company to establish a luxury “Starbucks of Pot” Brand, in Elle Magazine as The Most Potent Women in the Pot Industry, named The Cannabis Queen of Beverly Hills by The New York Times Sunday Magazine as well as gracing the cover of The London Times Magazine as The Cannabis Queen of Beverly Hills. Shuman has also teamed up to launch a luxury cannabis conference series with OSL Holdings, a publicly traded marijuana services company (OSLH), to focus on the affluent cannabis market and high-dollar investment vehicles for the rapidly growing space.   Cheryl Shuman is represented for TV, film, book and lecturing deals by the prestigious William Morris Endeavor Agency in Beverly Hills. For more information, please visit CherylShuman.com.

About International Cannabis Association

The International Cannabis Association (ICA) provides the resources necessary for professionals to succeed in the cannabis industry. Whether considering starting a cannabis business, taking an existing cannabis business to the next level or expanding service to support the cannabis industry, the ICA is here to help.  By offering educational conferences and networking events, the International Cannabis Association brings together experts from across the cannabis industry as well as individuals simply interested in getting started.  As the cannabis industry’s business-to-business association, the ICA is the professional’s source for timely, entrepreneurial and high-quality information.  For more information visit www.internationalcannabisassociation.com

About Cannabis World Congress & Business Expositions (CWCBExpo)

The Cannabis World Congress & Business Expositions (CWCBExpo) are produced by Leading Edge Expositions in partnership with the International Cannabis Association (ICA).   The events are the leading professional forums for dispensary owners, growers, suppliers, investors, medical professionals, government regulators, legal counsel, and entrepreneurs looking to achieve business success and identify new areas of growth in this dynamic industry.  In 2015, CWCBExpo will take place June 17-19, at the Javits Convention Center in New York, and the CWCBExpo Fall will be held September 16-18, at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles, CA.  To learn more about the CWCBExpos go to www.cwcbexpo.com.  Connect on Twitter/CWCBExpo and Facebook/CWCBExpo.

CWCBExpo & ICA Contact:  Annie Scully, ascully@leexpos.com, 201-310-9252

Cheryl Shuman Inc., Contact: Cheryl@CherylShuman.com 310.779.4797

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Cannabis Business Certification and Career Workshops Presented at New York Trade Show & Conference

Cannabis World Congress & Business Exposition, June 17-19, Offers Dedicated Courses on How to Open a Cannabis Business & Career Opportunities

(Paramus, NJ, May 2015)—A six-hour certification program on “How to Open a Cannabis Business,” is being presented at the Cannabis World Congress & Business Exposition (CWCBExpo) at the Javits Center in New York, NY.  Taking place on Wednesday, June 17th this workshop is part of a dedicated day of education at the leading event on the East Coast for the legalized and medical marijuana industry.

Led by Clover Leaf University, the first cannabis university to be approved, regulated and licensed by the Department of Higher Education, “How to Open a Cannabis Business” is an essential primer for anyone looking to get started in the cannabis industry.  Attendees will learn about state laws, trade secrets, dispensary management and compliance, and mass warehouse cultivation.  Insider information on the various methods of extraction and the approved systems and procedures one must follow to produce extractions will also be covered.

“With an industry still growing, this workshop is the most thorough program being offered to educate anyone interested in entering the cannabis industry, “ said Dan Humiston, President of International Cannabis Association, sponsors of the CWCBExpo in New York.

“We are honored to be part of the ICA sponsored program at CWCBExpo.  New York lawmakers have opened their minds and hearts to medical marijuana. To have Clover Leaf offer the first Higher Education endorsed certification program in New York to so many people looking to start their own business is not only exciting, but the right step toward fostering a responsible business environment,” said Chloe Villano, President & Founder of Clover Leaf University.

Prior to “How to Open a Cannabis Business,” an introductory workshop on the different jobs and careers available in the cannabis industry will be presented by the Cannabis Career Institute.  Taking place on June 17th from 9:00 -10:30 a.m., the “Career Cannabis Workshop,” will provide an overview of all the different jobs and careers available in the cannabis industry.  Attendees will learn what skills and training are necessary to become a Budtender, Grow Master, Extraction Specialists, Infused Product Specialist and other “in” industry jobs.  Ancillary and support service careers in healthcare, plumbing, security and marketing to name a few will also be reviewed.

The Add-On Workshops at CWCBExpo in New York, including a “Doctor & Health Care Providers Conference on Medical Marijuana for New York” complement the comprehensive two-day educational program June 18-19.  More than 40 sessions, featuring top industry experts and though leaders, provides the latest insight and strategies for the legal, regulatory, financial, operational, retail, marketing and healthcare sectors of the industry.

CWCBExpo in New York presents a Keynote Address by Ethan Nadelmann, President & Founder of the Drug Policy Alliance and a “Medical Marijuana Regulatory Summit,” led by New York State Senator Diane Savino.  “Investing in the Cannabis Industry While Managing Risk,” for qualified investors rounds out the educational agenda at CWCBExpo in New York.

CWCBExpo in New York also features an exhibit floor (June 18-19) with suppliers in the industry showcasing cutting-edge products and services to those in the business, entrepreneurs looking to enter the market, medical professionals and dispensary owners, investors, and providers of professional services.

The Add-On Workshops, 2-day education program, and exhibits at CWCBExpo in New York makes it the largest event on the East Coast providing learning and networking opportunities for healthcare professionals, lawyers, investors, entrepreneurs as well as established cannabis business owners and suppliers of products and services to the industry.

To register online for CWCBExpo in New York at discounted rates go to

www.cwcbexpo.com/new-york-show/registration.asp. For more information on sponsoring or exhibiting contact Don Berey, Show Director at dberey@leexpos.com or call 201-881-1614.


 

About International Cannabis Association

The International Cannabis Association (ICA) provides the resources necessary for professionals to succeed in the cannabis industry. Whether considering starting a cannabis business, taking an existing cannabis business to the next level or expanding service to support the cannabis industry, the ICA is here to help.  By offering educational conferences and networking events, the International Cannabis Association brings together experts from across the cannabis industry as well as individuals simply interested in getting started.  As the cannabis industry’s business-to-business association, the ICA is the professional’s source for timely, entrepreneurial and high-quality information.  For more information visit www.internationalcannabisassociation.com

About Cannabis World Congress & Business Expositions (CWCBExpo)

The Cannabis World Congress & Business Expositions (CWCBExpo) are produced by Leading Edge Expositions in partnership with the International Cannabis Association (ICA).   The events are the leading professional forums for dispensary owners, growers, suppliers, investors, medical professionals, government regulators, legal counsel, and entrepreneurs looking to achieve business success and identify new areas of growth in this dynamic industry.  In 2015, CWCBExpo will take place June 17-19, at the Javits Convention Center in New York, and the CWCBExpo Fall will be held September 16-18, at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles, CA.  To learn more about the CWCBExpos go to www.cwcbexpo.com.  Connect on Twitter/CWCBExpo and Facebook/CWCBExpo.

Contact:  Annie Scully, ascully@leexpos.com, 201-310-9252

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