legalized weed

Here Are All The States That Have Legalized Weed (2021)

Jump to a state: Alaska | Arizona | California | Colorado | Connecticut | Illinois | Maine | Massachusetts | Michigan | Montana | Nevada | New MexicoNew Jersey | New York | Oregon | South Dakota | Vermont | Virginia | Washington | Washington D.C.


2012 marked a turning point in U.S. history: for the first time, a state (actually two states, Colorado and Washington) voted to ignore federal drug laws and legalized weed for consumption by persons aged 21 or older, similar to alcohol. In the years since then, a host of other states have followed suit in what has become an inspiring exodus from Drug War-era policies and sentiments. 

While legalization is spreading, however, the actual regulatory framework can vary dramatically from state to state. Every state with adult-use sales, for example, has mandatory third-party lab testing requirements before products can reach store shelves — but not every state actually allows for commercial cannabis sales.

The following is a brief run-down on each legalized state and how they have approached adult-use cannabis regulations.

California state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Maarten van den Huevel

California

California, the USA’s most populous state and largest economy, is a relative newcomer to adult-use cannabis despite being the first state to legalize medical cannabis back in 1996.

A successful 2016 voter initiative catapulted California into the post-prohibition landscape. Unfortunately, however, things have not gone entirely smoothly, so far. High tax rates have prevented licensed businesses from competing realistically with the unregulated market. A large quantity of unlicensed storefronts, coupled with an underfunded cannabis enforcement agency, has further complicated the issue.

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce of flower, 8 grams of concentrate
  • Purchase limit: 1 ounce of flower, 8 grams of concentrate
  • Home grow rules: 6 plants per household, only 3 flowering at a time.

Click here to learn more about the state of cannabis in California.

Illinois state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Antonio Gabola

Illinois

Illinois was the first state to establish an adult-use cannabis marketplace without the voter ballot initiative process. On June 25, 2019, Gov. J.B. Pritzker signed legislation approved by lawmakers earlier in the year that legalized weed to possess and consume for adults 21+. The law also established a process to expunge the criminal records for nearly 800,000 cannabis possession convictions in the state.

Gov. Pritzker’s 2018 election campaign included a platform calling for legalization. Shortly after winning the governorship, he said he hoped Illinois would be the first Midwest state to begin legal, regulated cannabis sales. 

  • Possession/purchase limits: 
    • For residents: 30 grams of flower, 500 mg of THC-infused edibles, 5 grams of concentrates
    • For nonresidents: 15 grams of flower, 250 mg of THC-infused edibles, 2.5 grams of concentrates
  • Home grow rules: homegrown cannabis is not allowed under Illinois’ adult-use cannabis law.

Follow this link to learn more about cannabis business, rules and regulations in Illinois!

Michigan state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Andrew Seaman

Michigan

Michigan became the first Midwest state to legalize adult-use cannabis in November 2018, but the roll-out of the Great Lake State’s cannabis infrastructure was ultimately a long and complicated regulatory process.

Michigan’s adult-use market ultimately opened for business in December of 2019 although the industry launched with some 80% of the state’s municipalities having passed bans on the recreational cannabis industry. Despite its slow trod toward regulated sales, however, Michigan still boasts some of the most lenient possession and purchase limits in the country.

  • Possession/carry limit: 2.5 ounces of flower (10 ounces at home) and 15 grams of concentrate. 
  • Purchase limit: 2.5 ounces of flower.
  • Home grow rules: 12 plants per household. 

To check out more information about cannabis in Michigan, click here!

legalized weed
Photo credit: John Westrock

Washington

Washington state became the second state to legalize cannabis in 2014, about six months after Colorado, as a result of the same 2012 election as Colorado. Washington’s market, however, drew heavy criticism from the cannabis community and has been accused of being a cash-grab for lawmakers with an overly regulated and restrictive system.

Some activists have even labeled Washington’s market as “Prohibition 2.0,” though most recently officials there established a new law expunging some 69,000 minor cannabis convictions throughout the state. 

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce
  • Purchase limit: 1 ounce
  • Home grow rules: Washington does not allow adults to cultivate homegrown cannabis.

Want more information? Click here to see all of our Washington cannabis news updates and more.

legalized weed
Photo credit: Anthony DELANOIX

Massachusetts

Massachusetts and Maine were the first east coast states to legalize, both via successful voter initiatives during the 2016 general election. In Massachusetts, the language of legalized weed took effect almost immediately — less than a month after the successful vote, on December 16, 2016. 

Dispensaries opened for adult-use purposes about two years later, on November 20, 2018, putting pressure on other New England states to consider enacting their own adult-use regulations and keep some of that cannabis tax revenue in-state. 

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce of flower and 5 grams of concentrate in public; 10 ounces of flower at home.
  • Purchase limits: 1 ounce of flower, 5 grams of concentrate
  • Home grow rules: Adults can grow up to 6 cannabis plants at a time, 12 max per household.

Click here to see even more about the state of cannabis in Massachusetts.

Colorado state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Quinn Nietfeld

Colorado

Colorado is considered by many to be ground zero for cannabis freedom — it was the first state to enact its legalization language and has demonstrated from the start a successful model for building a state-legal cannabis market.

In fact, since Colorado’s historic Legalization Day on January 1, 2014, legislators from around the country and even the world have visited the state to see an example of a regulated cannabis industry in action.

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce of THC (including flower, concentrates, edibles, etc.)
  • Purchase limits: 1 ounce of flower, 8 grams of concentrate, 800 mg of edibles
  • Home grow rules: 6 plants per person, 12 per household; only half can be flowering at any given time.

To check out Colorado cannabis news updates and more, click here!

Oregon state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Atanas Malamov

Oregon

Oregon voted to legalize cannabis alongside Alaska in the 2014 general election. Oregon became the third state to officially end cannabis prohibition, however, beating out Alaska by several months.

Oregon’s adult-use cannabis business licensing was originally very inclusive, which led to hundreds of successful applications and, eventually, a grossly oversaturated marketplace. As a result, Oregon currently boasts on average the lowest regulated cannabis prices in the world. In fact, there is such a glut of cannabis products in Oregon that lawmakers recently passed legislation that would let cannabis growers export their excess products out-of-state to nearby state-legal markets — that is, if the plan receives federal approval.

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce of flower, 1 ounce of concentrates, 16 ounces of edibles, 72 ounces of liquid edibles.
  • Purchase limit: 1 ounce of flower, 5 grams of concentrate
  • Home grow rules: 2 plants per person, 4 plants per household.

Follow this link to make sure you’re keeping up to date on Oregon’s cannabis industry.

legalized weed
Photo credit: Ken Yam

Nevada

Nevada voted to legalize adult-use cannabis during the 2016 general election. Home to Las Vegas, the tourism capital of the USA, this victory was seen as especially significant for the industry. 

Nevada lawmakers were anxious to get started, as well, and quickly enacted an Early Start program that had adult-use stores open within just six months of the state’s legalization vote. Interestingly enough, Nevada’s vote to legalize came just one year after the state’s medical cannabis dispensaries opened for business, making it one of the fastest transitions yet from medical to recreational.

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce, 3.5 grams of concentrate
  • Purchase limit: 1 ounce, 3.5 grams of concentrate
  • Home grow rules: Home grows are generally not allowed, and are only an option if you live 25 or more miles from the nearest licensed dispensary.

Click here to see all of our Nevada cannabis business and policy updates!

Maine state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Frank McKenna

Maine

Maine also voted to legalize during the 2016 general election. Maine’s vote was significantly closer than nearby Massachusetts—so much so that the legalization victory declaration was delayed several days for vote counting.

Cannabis possession is currently legal and available for purchase in Maine after lawmakers eventually overturned former Republican Gov. Paul LePage’s repeated vetoes of lawmakers’ bills to implement cannabis legalization, Adult-use stores finally opened in October 2020.

  • Possession/carry limit: 2.5 ounces (70 grams)
  • Purchase limit: Adults 21+ can purchase up to 2.5 ounces of cannabis flower per transaction.
  • Home grow: Up to 12 plants per adult, but only 3 can be flowering at a time.

Stay informed about the Maine cannabis marketplace — click here for more info!

Alaska state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Paxson Woelber


Alaska

Alaska is the largest U.S. state and was among the first states to move away from federal cannabis policies. Alaska voters chose legalization via a ballot initiative during the 2014 general election alongside Oregon, making them the third and fourth states to legalize.

Most recently, Alaska made headlines as the first state to establish regulations for the social use of cannabis — i.e. cannabis social clubs, or cannabis cafes. Some cities like Denver and San Francisco had already taken this step, but Alaska was the first to pass such regulations for the entire state.

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce of flower
  • Purchase limit: 1 ounce
  • Home grow rules: 6 plants per person, 12 plants per household; only half can be flowering at any time.

Click here to see more information about legal cannabis in Alaska.

Vermont state cannabis legality
Photo credit: Will Swann

Vermont

It is currently legal for adults to grow, possess, and consume cannabis in Vermont; you cannot, however, buy or sell any part of the plant (unless you are a medical patient/caregiver, but that’s a different article). This is thanks to Vermont’s unique position as the first (and currently only) state to end cannabis prohibition without establishing a taxed-and-regulated system for its distribution. But in late 2020, Vermont lawmakers approved language that will let individual municipalities determine whether or not they will allow recreational cannabis businesses. Regulated sales are expected in certain districts starting in October 2022.

Vermont also made history as the first state to defy federal drug laws thanks to efforts by lawmakers, not just voters. In Vermont, where the political system does not utilize a citizen ballot initiative process, the notion of legalized weed was so popular among voters that lawmakers were convinced to take action.

  • Possession/carry limit: 1 ounce of flower.
  • Home grow rules: 6 plants per household (2 flowering, 4 immature).

To keep up to date on the cannabis happenings in Vermont, click here!

Washington DC cannabis legality
Photo credit: Caleb Wright

Washington D.C.

While not technically a state, The District of Columbia gets a special mention for being an early-mover in the push to reform cruel cannabis laws — never mind that Congress initially blocked the District’s attempts to commercialize the plant, trampling on the rights of citizens living there. Thankfully, it looks like Washington D.C. may get to finally move forward on a regulated cannabis market in 2020.

  • Possession/carry limit: 2 ounces of flower
  • Home grow rules: 6 plants per household (3 flowering, 3 immature).

Big changes are coming to Washington DC — click here to stay up to date on the District’s latest cannabis news and happenings.

Photo Credit: Sarah Howell

Arizona

After losing the ballot initiative by strikingly close margins in 2016, Arizona voters passed Prop 207 in the 2020 election which legalized adult-use cannabis in the Southwestern state. Adult-use sales will begin in March 2021 pending licensing. Reports state that licenses will first be granted to medical dispensaries that are already in operation, creating a system much like that in Oregon where patients and adult-use patrons can shop side-by-side.

  • Possession/carry limit: 28 grams of flower or  5 grams of concentrates
  • Home grow rules: 6 plants per person, 12 plants per household with two or more adults

Stay informed on Arizona cannabis business and news as the adult-use industry develops, click here.

New Mexico

New Mexico lawmakers formally approved the state’s cannabis legalization bill in April 2021, with the legislation formally receiving the governor’s signature on April 12. The law took effect on June 29, 2021 and retail licenses are expected by January 2022.

  • Possession rules: adults 21+ can possess up to two ounces of cannabis and 16 grams of concentrate.
  • Home growing of up to six plants is allowed.

For more New Mexico cannabis industry news and information, follow this link and be sure to subscribe to our daily newsletter!

Montana

Montana opted to legalize adult-use cannabis during the 2020 General Election with 58% of voter support. The initiative took effect on January 1, 2021. In May 2021, Gov. Greg Gianforte (R) signed a bill to implement regulated cannabis sales in the state. The legislation gives current medical cannabis operators exclusive access to adult-use licenses for the first 18 months of sales, which are expected to launch on January 1, 2022.

Notably, Montana’s legalization victory (alongside South Dakota) marked the first time that a state voted to both legalize cannabis and elect a Republican presidential candidate during the same election, demonstrating that cannabis reforms are truly a bipartisan issue.

  • Possession rules: adults 21+ can possess up to one ounce of cannabis.
  • Home growing is allowed up to four plants (two mature, two immature).
  • Montana will include a 20% cannabis sales tax when regulated sales launch.

Click here to see more Montana-related cannabis news & interviews!

New Jersey

In the 2020 election voters in New Jersey approved Public Question 1 which legalized possession, sale, and use of cannabis by adults aged 21 or older. Specifically, the Public Question required state legislators to draft a bill regulating cannabis retail and cultivation licensing for the adult-use market, something they had already done during the previous year (though that bill was not passed). The governor eventually signed the state’s legalization bill in February 2021, but not until months of deliberation had passed regarding punishments for minors caught in possession of cannabis.

New Jersey, to the dismay of advocates, does not allow adults to grow the plant for themselves.

  • Possession/carry limit: 28 grams of flower or up to 5 grams of concentrates
  • Home grow remains illegal

Stay informed on New Jersey cannabis legalization and regulation, click here.


New York

Cannabis is finally legal in New York after Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D) signed the state’s legalization bill in late March 2021. The bill’s signing came almost immediately after the Democratic majority approved the bill in a party-line vote. The law includes expungement opportunities for previous cannabis convictions as well as a 9% state and 4% local tax on recreational sales—40% of cannabis tax revenue is earmarked for reinvesting in underserved communities, 40% for public education, and 20% for drug treatment, prevention, and education causes.

  • Possession rules: up to three ounces, or up to five pounds stored at home.
  • You can consume cannabis anywhere you can legally consume tobacco.
  • Home growing rules: not immediately allowed but the state is meant to establish rules letting adults grow up to six plants at home with a max of 12 per household.

Click here to find more New York-related cannabis news, interviews, press releases, and more!


Virginia

Virginia became the first Southern U.S. state to legalize cannabis after lawmakers there approved the regulatory changes in February, 2021. The original bill was set to take effect in 2023 but, following heavy criticism, Gov. Ralph Northam (D) suggested moving the launch date for some of the reforms up to July 1, 2021—and the Legislature agreed.

  • Possession rules: adults 21+ can possess up to one ounce.
  • Cannabis consumption (and sharing) is allowed, but only in a private setting.
  • Home grow will be fully legal starting July 1, 2023, but for now, home grows up to six plants have been de-felonized.
  • Adult-use cannabis sales are incoming but not expected until at least the summer of 2023.

For more Virginia cannabis info, click here to find our latest news updates, interviews, and more.

South Dakota

Voters in South Dakota made history when they voted in favor of both medical and adult-use cannabis use in the 2020 election. But, while the medical cannabis reforms have advanced since then, a South Dakota judge struck down the voter-backed recreational cannabis initiative in February 2021 after it was challenged by law enforcement officers and Republican Gov. Kristi Noem.

Click here to read the news about South Dakota cannabis business and policy.


Connecticut

The Connecticut Legislature passed a bill to legalize adult-use cannabis on June 17, 2021 and the governor signed the bill into law just days later. In a twist of irony, Connecticut’s legalization bill was approved on the 50th anniversary of President Richard Nixon’s original declaration of the drug war.

The law took effect on July 1, 2021.

  • Possession rules: adults aged 21+ can carry up to one and a half ounces of cannabis on their person.
  • Adults are also allowed to possess up to five ounces of cannabis if safely secured at home or in a vehicle’s trunk or glove box.
  • Regulated cannabis sales are expected by May, 2022.

To read about and keep up with Connecticut’s other cannabis-related updates, click here!

Last updated July 28, 2021.

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Cannabis Sales Top $1M at Outside Lands

Attendees at the Outside Lands festival bought more than $1 million worth of cannabis products at the state-approved GrassLands section of the festival, the San Francisco Gate reports. The festival was the first given a temporary permit by city officials to sell and consume cannabis at a festival — it was the first major U.S. music festival to officially sanction cannabis sales.

Highland Events, the festival organizers, did not share specific cannabis sales figures but told the Gate that cannabis sales at the event reached seven figures. During the event, concert-goers were allowed to purchase up to 7 grams of flower and up to 2 grams of concentrate products, including edibles, across all vendors. Available products included infused chocolates, gummies, miniature joints, raw flower, THC-infused non-alcoholic beer, and more.

According to an SFIST report, the GrassLands area of the festival was cleaner than the areas where alcohol was permitted and there were no medical emergencies or incidents that required law enforcement intervention.

“The vibe is really chill and it’s very respectful. It’s not only respectful to the people, it’s respectful to the park.” — Marisa Rodriguez, Director of the San Francisco Office of Cannabis, via SFIST

According to several reports, festival organizers didn’t receive the cannabis permits until about five hours before doors opened – despite an announcement from city cannabis regulators two days prior to the event that the permits had been approved.

Outside Lands was the first major music festival given a cannabis consumption permit in California, although state regulators have previously granted permits to cannabis events for sales.

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California Cannabis Sales Set to Pass $3B This Year

A new report released today by Arcview Market Research and BDS Analytics shows how California’s legal cannabis sales are on an upswing despite the market’s initially rocky launch.

According to the report titled “California: Lessons From the World’s Largest Cannabis Market,” California was the first state to experience a decrease in legal sales following the launch of its adult-use cannabis market. Regulated sales fell from about $3 billion in 2017 to $2.5 billion in 2018, the year that adult-use sales launched in the state — every other state-legal cannabis market, however, has seen a post-legalization increase in regulated cannabis spending.

The California industry’s rough start can be blamed on multiple factors, including strict product testing regulations, a severe lack of licensing for industry operators, local bans on the adult-use industry throughout the state, and a thriving illicit marketplace that continues to compete with legal sales.

“California companies that survived the dual ‘extinction events’ of 2018 have emerged stronger and well-positioned to grow their market share going forward. More than that, they are battle hardened, and kicked off a merger and acquisition flurry in the first half of 2019 that will allow them to leverage their positions in California to compete across the country.” — Tom Adams, Managing Director and Principal Analyst for BDS Analytics’ Industry Intelligence group and Editor-in-Chief for Arcview Market Research, in a statement

According to the report, California’s illicit market is expected to maintain more than 50 percent of the state’s cannabis sales through 2024 — other legal states with more supportive regulatory regimes, meanwhile, are expected to see illegal sales drop to just 30 percent of total transactions.

In May, California officials made adjustments to the state’s expected tax revenue, subtracting some $223 million.

Troy Dayton, CEO of the Arcview Group, said that despite the industry’s many burdens, “California has the world’s largest legal cannabis market and will continue to until federal legalization makes it merely a part of the larger U.S. market.”

“At that point,” Dayton said, “California will assume its usual place in the world economy as a major exporter of agricultural commodities and their derivative products, a technology mecca, and consumer product trendsetter.”

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American Bar Association Urges Federal Cannabis Law Reforms

The American Bar Association has issued a resolution calling for the federal government to allow state-approved cannabis programs to operate without interference; the resolution also calls for broad federal law reforms. The organization said the “gap between state and federal law has created a regulatory quagmire that is counter-productive for all parties interested in marijuana policy.”

In their report, the ABA points out that, since the Controlled Substances Act was passed, public support for cannabis law reforms “has ballooned” while federal law “has remained essentially unchanged.” A 2018 Gallup poll found 66 percent of Americans supported federal legalization – 75 percent of Democrats and 53 percent of Republicans – which was up from 56 percent 10 years prior. In 1969, public support for legalization was just 12 percent.

The association points out that while lawmakers have included riders in spending bills to protect state-legal medical cannabis businesses and patients, those riders “do not shield anyone in compliance with any state’s adult-use marijuana laws.”

“Moreover, the protection afforded by such riders is only temporary. If a rider lapses, both medical and non-medical marijuana users and suppliers would be subject to arrest and prosecution by the DOJ, and not just for their conduct going forward. Those using and producing marijuana could also be prosecuted for violations of the Controlled Substances Act they committed while the riders were in effect (so long as the statute of limitations has not expired).” – American Bar Association, Criminal Justice Section, Report to the House of Delegates

The report notes that, despite the riders, cannabusinesses are subject to unusually high federal taxes – specifically 280E – and often cannot obtain financial services.

The ABA offers support for the Tenth Amendment Through Entrusting States Act (STATES Act), which includes protections for state-approved cannabis programs.

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Nebraska Counties to End Low-Level Cannabis Prosecutions

Law enforcement officials in some Nebraska counties are suspending low-level cannabis crime enforcement after the legalization of hemp, the Scottsbluff Star-Herald reports.

Prosecutors in Sarpy and Lancaster counties have said they wouldn’t prosecute such cases until a THC test was available, while Douglas County Attorney Don Kleine said he would continue trying the cases using the previous state law that only allowed University of Nebraska-Lincoln researchers to possess hemp.

Lancaster County Attorney Pat Condon said the hemp law “is causing problems” for cannabis enforcement and estimated that it would cost between $1,500 and $2,000 to bring someone in from Pennsylvania, which is the closest state with a lab that can test for THC levels. In Nebraska, the typical fine for simple cannabis possession is about $300.

Sarpy County Attorney Lee Polikov said that prosecutors “need a good lab report” before they can get a conviction and prosecutors in the state don’t have access to a laboratory that can test cannabis for THC levels.

State Sen. Justin Wayne told the Star-Herald that the bill was amended at the request of county prosecutors to allow them to prosecute cases where the defendant doesn’t have proof that the product in question is hemp, and that it has been tested and falls below the 0.3 percent THC threshold. Wayne said that, under the law, anyone who fails to provide that proof could be fined up to $1,000 – which is higher than a simple possession charge.

“We gave prosecutors a different option to prosecute. They can still prosecute. It’s just a different law.” – Wayne, to the Star-Herald

Nebraska’s situation is not unique – where cannabis is illegal, but hemp was recently legalized. Gwinnett and Cobb Counties in Georgia have each said they would suspend enforcement until they could find a way to test for THC levels, along with prosecutors in Texas and Florida.

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Jontae James: Offering Free-to-Use Cannabis Compliance Software

In this episode of the Ganjapreneur.com podcast, Jontae joins our host TG Branfalt for an interview that covers the origins of NatureTrak, his transition into the cannabis space from a more mainstream tech background, and NatureTrak’s decision to release its software free-of-charge. Jontae also shares his thoughts about social-equity programs that level the playing field for disadvantaged communities most affected by the war on drugs, offers advice for tech entrepreneurs hoping to make it in cannabis, and more!

You can listen to the interview using the media player below or scroll further down to read a full transcript of this podcast episode.


Listen to the podcast:


Read the transcript:

Commercial: This episode of the Ganjapreneur Podcast is made possible by 420 friendly service providers in the Ganjapreneur Business Directory. If you need professional help with your business, from accounting, to legal services, to consulting, marketing, payment processing, or insurance, visit Ganjapreneur.com/businesses to find service providers who specialize in helping cannabis entrepreneurs like you. Visit the Ganjapreneur business directory today at Ganjapreneur.com/businesses.

TG Branfalt: Hey there. I’m your host, TG Branfalt, and thank you for listening to the Ganjapreneur.com podcast where we try to bring you actionable information and normalize cannabis through the stories of ganjapreneurs, activists, and industry stakeholders. Today I’m joined by Jontae James. He’s a serial entrepreneur. He’s the founder of NatureTrak, which is a free track and trace software for the cannabis space. How’re you doing today, Jontae?

Jontae James: TG, I’m doing great. How about yourself?

TG Branfalt: It’s good to have you, man. We’re coming down on the beginning of summer, so the weather’s going well, and then it’s great to have you today. Before we sort of get into what’s going on with NatureTrak, let’s hear about you. What’s your background? How’d you get involved in the space, man?

Jontae James: Yeah. It was an interesting journey into the cannabis space. Like you said in the beginning, I’m a serial entrepreneur. So, I started my first tech company at 25, sold it at 28, and then now I’ve kind of been on this path. Coming into the cannabis space, I actually had a really good friend, and actually my business partner in NatureTrak, he was a operator cultivator for about 15, maybe 16 years, and he was like, “Hey. It’s going to be legal in California.”

I’m like, “Really? You really think it’s going to pass in California?” What people don’t know about California, California’s a red state covered in blue, and I was like “Well, let’s see what you got going on.” And so, at that time, he’s teaching me about the cultivation operation, and he was showing me the loopholes that he was going through under the collective model, the Prop 215.

And so it was at that point in time I was like, “Hey man. If this is really going legal, then these holes need to be filled.” And that’s where NatureTrak was formed. I gathered other tech-minded individuals that I’ve worked with in the past from Apple, and Google, and Facebook, and we started to create our first MVP. Our first MVP was a company by the name of Bluntli, and it was a patient license and business license verification platform, and we caught the eye of KPMG.

KPMG is obviously one of the government big four, and they were looking to actually build the cannabis activity tracking system for the state of California, and I got the subcontract due to the domain knowledge that we had. But, in that RFP process, they found out how much the award was going to be, anywhere from four to five million dollars a year, that’s a rounding error to them, and they jumped out.

But the special thing about that is they left me with all the functional requirements, system requirements, the architecture that they were looking for. It was literally the system that the state wanted, and so I was like, “Hey. Let’s build this.” So, we put our money together, and we built the entire system, and that became NatureTrak.

TG Branfalt: So, before we talk about NatureTrak, you said that you had worked with people from some massive tech companies. Facebook, Google, Apple. Was there any hesitation on their part, getting involved even in the ancillary side of the cannabis industry?

Jontae James: Not these individuals, but yes. I mean, those companies, one of my good friends that was working at Apple actually runs the worldwide supply chain of the Apple Watch, and they were like, “Hey, really want to help with this, can’t have my name on anything,” just because of Apple’s terms and conditions and stuff, you can’t be building programs and all these other things, otherwise Apple will try to look to kind of be a part of it, or they’ll try to claim it as theirself.

So, they were really on the peripheral version, giving updates, finding people for me at that point in time. So, there was some hesitancy, but they’re also looking for the new biggest greatest thing. I mean, that’s the one thing about some of these large tech companies, or just being in Silicon Valley in general, everybody wants to be part of the next thing.

TG Branfalt: Well, and there’s been a lot of parallels drawn between the early days of the tech boom and these days of the cannabis industry.

Jontae James: Oh, yes. The parallels are all there. I mean, the opportunity is vast, right? And we’re not even really scratching the surface of what tech can be in cannabis. So, people, they’re watching, and if they’re not watching, they’re in it, you just don’t know they’re in it.

TG Branfalt: So, tell me about NatureTrak, man. How is it different from the other tracking systems that are in this space?

Jontae James: Yeah, good question. I mean, we get this all the time, and it’s been a whirlwind of a ride, right? I mean, I told you how we kind of got the platform and was able to build it there, but it was at that time I streamlined it mobile and I built on an enterprise level API on top of that. With that main, NatureTrak is … NatureTrak is literally track and trace for banks or financial institutions, right?

We’re able to aggregate the data. There’s so … In the tech space, in cannabis, you have big players, you have seed-to-sale softwares, you have POS’s, and transportation management, and warehouse management, you name it. There’s a lot of systems that are coming in. None of them talk to each other, right? Everybody’s trying to build Oracle.

Oracle was not built in a couple years. Oracle’s been around for a very long time, so there’s this rush to become Oracle, and NatureTrak is just that simple, full compliance system that can aggregate the data. And the reason why we’re track and trace for banks is that the state credit union, or the state charter banks, or the credit unions that do want to be in this space, that do want to help bake the industry behind the Cole memo, they need a way to prove that everything’s transparent and legal, right?

And our bank, our normal banking every day, I send you a wire, or a Zelle payment, and it says, “What is this service for? Oh, it’s an invoice for consulting. Oh, thumbs up,” right? But in the cannabis space, you have a transaction of ten thousand, or fifteen, twenty, a million dollars that comes through. They’re like, “Oh. Let’s do our normal audits and check our your website. There’s cannabis. Oh, this is money laundering. Shut it down,” right?

And so, what NatureTrak does is, because we’re that track and trace platform, we could aggregate that data from MJ Freeway, or a Trellis, or a BioTrack, or Metrc, or even our full suite of products with our inventory management, our logistics, our marketplace, so that when that transaction goes through and they do that audit, they call NatureTrak, and we pull all that track and trace data for them, no matter what system they’re using.

So, they’ll know when that batch was put into the ground, how it moved through the lifecycle, every employee that touched it-

TG Branfalt: Wow.

Jontae James: … at that point in time, the COA’s and the RND’s that’s on there, the logistics route it took to distribution, the sales order that it came from, the dispensary, and even that purchase from the consumer. We provide them all that data in realtime, and then it’s like, “This is a legally tracked product, or transaction. Keep this going.”

TG Branfalt: It’s really an ingenious sort of hole that you filled in the industry. What were the challenges for you developing this tech?

Jontae James: Yeah, there was definitely some challenges that we went through, but being in the Silicon Valley space, I kind of knew how to build enterprise SAAS solutions. After I sold my company, I was with a Boutique VC, and I was working with early-stage SAAS companies for the next 10 years, so I kind of already knew some of the pitfalls that people run into, and just hindsight is always 20/20, but I just had foresight in this case that, when I was looking at the competition coming in, I’m like, “Nobody wants to connect to everybody.”

And just think about the technology that we use every day, right? Everybody connects to people. You can log in through your Facebook, or you could log in through your Google account, or you can use this here, and you can use that there. Everything is all pulling data and working together, and in the cannabis industry, we weren’t doing that, so I was like, “There’s no way, coming so late into the game, am I going to be able to build a platform that can rival some of the solutions that have been around for the last five, six years?”

You know, they got a lot of runway. So, how do we become that conduit, or that aggregator, of the data? And, in those challenges, it’s just time, right? I didn’t think we would be able to get to the banks that took calls from PayPal coming out of nowhere, other payment processors, other credit unions that started contacting me. I really didn’t even think that was the way that we were going, but other than that, the normal iterative cycles, right?

We went through our beta testing really hardening the product, just trying to understand what the operators were going through, but from a compliance perspective. Because we had the specifications from the state of California, I had the strong baseline, so we were bulletproof. I demoed to the FBI, we had…

TG Branfalt: No way.

Jontae James: …to run it by the OCC, we’ve been approved by the FDIC, I have a 104 page BSA AML report that shows how we line up with the Cole memo, how we meet all the specifications, but that’s all great if it doesn’t work for the client, and then how do we be flexible and just meet that compliance angle so these people can run their businesses? And that was probably the biggest challenge because they didn’t want to share information.

There was problems, but they didn’t want to tell us what the problems were. They’d just rather keep it to themselves, and some of these individuals and operators, these are third, fourth, fifth generation farmers, and I wouldn’t say that they’re not tech savvy, but tech doesn’t play that major role in their everyday life. They’re using cell phones, they’re doing Amazon, they’re doing GrubHubs, and Ubers, and Lyfts, and that’s about it.

They’re every day, in the garden. This is their mind, they breathe it, they live this, and they’re not using technology to kind of manage it, and so it was really just trying to get time with the operators to fill those gaps, already having that basis of compliance.

TG Branfalt: It was banking … When you went out and you started talking to all these farmers, you’re a tech guy, I’m sure you probably haven’t dealt with a whole lot of farmers, was that their most common problem, that they said to you, was the banking issue?

Jontae James: Well, the most common problem they actually told me was getting paid, right? So, you’ve always got to follow the money, and yes, it was a challenge at first, coming to them, and I mean definitely not my wheelhouse, I was very clean cut, had the suit jacket on. My business partner’s like, “Hey man. You can’t be coming like that. You got to dress like you’re going out to the club or to the basketball games and stuff.”

So, I had to change my wear, grew a little beard, and then some of those walls started to come down. But yeah, the biggest thing that they were always dealing with, especially from the farmer’s perspective, was getting paid, and I’m just like, “Wow.” I’m like, “This doesn’t happen in any other industry. How are you sitting on 45, 60, 90 day receivables. I mean-

TG Branfalt: Oh, wow.

Jontae James: … there’s got to be a faster way to do this. I mean, obviously because it’s cash, you’re relying on other people. They’re doing a lot of COD’s and stuff, so it’s just like, “Well, how can we get you, 1: compliant so that you can run your business, be proud to speak at your kids’ schools, be able to purchase homes, everything that everybody else does.” How do we solve that? And then, “how do we shorten this gap on this wait time?” And that’s just being able to go cashless. People need bank accounts, and how can we provide that?

TG Branfalt: So, this is a free software, right?

Jontae James: Yes. This is completely free.

TG Branfalt: So, tell me about the impetus behind that and how you can offer this for free.

Jontae James: Yeah. I mean, as I said, we’re like a SAAS platform, but we’ve really flipped to a fintech business model. So, we make money on the money moving through our system. So, we have the partnerships with the payment processors, and the banks, and then we’re just eating crumbs off the transactions, so it’s many of the merchant services that are happening every day, right? MasterCard, Visa, every time somebody swipes a card, there’s a fraction of cost that’s getting siphoned off at each point.

In the cannabis industry, it’s a little bit more. You’re looking at anywhere from 1% to 3%. Some people are doing 5%, but we do a rev share on that. So, we do all the compliance. Because we do all the compliance and we have that system to give financial institutions confidence to be in there, we’re able to lower the prices. So, we’re typically at 1% on cash pickups, so we’re only charging them 1% on that, and then we only charge them a half of a percent, or 50 basis points, on any ACH or electronic transfers.

And it’s always important to know there that the seller pays. But yeah, it’s volume for us. So, we need to get lots of people on, we need people to get accounts, and we need to be able to move the money in a closed loop compliant ecosystem.

TG Branfalt: So, you mentioned that there’s a rev share going on. That’s revenue share, I’m assuming?

Jontae James: Yes.

TG Branfalt: How does that work?

Jontae James: So, that’s just basically the merchant service costs. So, if you were to open up, let’s just call it a 7-11 or any kind of boutique store or clothing store, when you have your terminals there to accept debit and/or credit cards, there’s always a fee that they’re charging. If you use Square, Square charges … I think it’s $2.95 plus 25¢, or 2.95% plus 25¢ on every transaction. So, there’s always a transaction cost that you’re paying. So, that fraction that we’re charging on the transaction cost is what the payment processors, or the financial institutions, are sharing in their net revenue on them.

TG Branfalt: Cool. You recently spoke at the State of Cannabis conference about all of this, and I want to ask you, what was sort of the overall sort of feeling there when it came to how operators … the mood of operators, I guess, and are those events more important for startups like yours?

Jontae James: Yes. So, talking about the operators, it’s great. I love going to those types of events. You really get a vibe of the community, of the collaboration that’s needed out there, and just people looking for resources, right? They want to have a successful business, and they’re looking for these resources, and how do you meet them there? So, we do very well at the trade shows such like State of Cannabis.

Great resources for us. It’s paramount for a startup to be in that because it also gives you a landscape of what your competition’s doing. There’s only so much research you can do on the web, or calling operators and asking them what they’re using. You’re going to get a lot of different perspectives, right? But then, when you’re at those shows, you can really see what maybe the competition is doing, but not only just the competition, but you can find partners where you guys can share, and collaborate, and now have value adds that we bring to the operators at the end of the day.

I mean, at the end of the day, you need to have a product that works that helps them, and if that means you have to partner with company X, Y, Z, then you should partner with them, because that makes both of your companies valuable. But in terms of the State of Cannabis, they did a really great job. I mean, they had a social equity, or a diversity angle to it, which was great, really providing resources and knowledge on that side.

I was thankful to be able … Oops. I was thankful to be able to speak at that time and just share some of my insights on raising money, and being an early-stage startup, and just some of the pitfalls that I’ve ran into, being a serial entrepreneur and knowing, “Hey. I have this product,” and banging on a thousand doors with my hat out, looking for money to keep the business going.

So, I think it was very receptive. I look forward to doing more of those. We will always try to have some form of presence at the trade shows. Obviously, there’s a cost to those, so you’ve got to be strategic in the ones that they use, but definitely valuable.

TG Branfalt: So, you mentioned that the State of Cannabis conference had a diversity and social equity angle. Could you tell me about your experience being a black entrepreneur in the space? There really aren’t that many that work in the cannabis industry, for a variety of reasons. I also know that, when you were sort of doing the cold calls and the early stages of building the business, you would often use a nickname. So, tell me about your experience. Why you used that nickname? Just sort of give me some insight here, man.

Jontae James: Yeah, definitely. So, the nickname was basically JJ. I just started out just using my initials. I mean, that goes to your way earlier question when I had friends from the Facebooks and the Apples and stuff. We were just trying to find a way, but like, “Uh, let’s not use our names. Let’s just do the initials for now until we really see where that’s going.”

But I mean it played a great part in me being a black entrepreneur in the space, or just in the tech space in general, because then there’s no preconceived notions on who I am, right? And taking me at face value for the information that I’m providing, my articulation of what we’re doing, the experience and the schooling that I’ve had so I’m not meeting a barrier right out the gate. It’s just like, “Oh. This is great.”

But, I’ve always seen the a-ha moments when it’s that time we finally meet in person and then it’s like, “Oh. You’re JJ.” So, I do get that a lot, but it’s just part … This is the world we live in, to a certain extent. It’s challenging, being a black entrepreneur, not just in the cannabis space, but just in this tech space in general, and I don’t think it’s to anybody’s fault of their own.

I don’t think that there’s any racism or anything that’s going on, I just think that we do have certain stereotypes that we see all the time. The images that we see on TV and everything perpetuates what people respond to us. We’re always the entertainers, or the athletes, or we’re portrayed as the gangbangers or the drug dealers in this case. So, you see us being portrayed in those all the time, so then when you see somebody who’s doing tech, or is a doctor, or who is a lawyer, sometimes it just catches people off-guard at times.

And so, what I do to try to overcome that is I just try to be prepared. At the end of the day, I’m doing a great job. I’m well versed. I’m prepared. I have the information available. I have a great advisory team. My mentor was this Jewish guy from Lindenbaum who taught me all the ropes of what to see and how to do things, and so I can only put my best self out there and allow everything to take place.

But, it’s definitely … It is a challenge. I mean, it’s something that I know I’m going up against each time. I’ll always … at this point in time, I’ve raised 1.6 million dollars. We’re looking at closing another two and a half million here in the next 30 to 45 days. We’re in the final due diligence with a couple of groups right now, but I will always say, if I was being completely candid, if it wasn’t for the color of my skin, I would’ve raised 10 million dollars on this company already.

There’s nobody really doing what we’re doing. We have the client base. There’s over 150 clients using our system. I have contracts with banks. We are bringing in money. I have testimonials from customers, and if it was somebody else doing this, we would be on the front page of Forbes. So, we just keep chugging along, and then we’ll get there. I mean, do a good job, help the industry, push the industry forward, and everything else will take care of itself.

TG Branfalt: You’re such a positive guy, man, and congratulations on the money and just your success thus far. Do you think … Before I ask you this question, do you ever come across a minority farmer? Someone that owns a farm?

Jontae James: Yeah. I do. I’ve come across actually quite a few, especially here in California. It surprises me as well. I probably have the … they were like, “Hey! It’s good to see you here.” But yeah, I mean, California’s just a great place of diversity. You see a lot of different groups that are involved. I mean, you got the black, browns, the purples, the greens.

Everybody has touched this plant in some way, right? And it’s had a profound effect on a lot of people, and I think just being around my business partner and how he kind of became an operator … You know, once a consumer, then became an operator because people really care about what they’re putting in their body, and really understanding that. And then, the farmers and stuff, I really look at them as creatives in a way.

The way they interact with the plant, the way how they understand the process of the plant lifecycle, I mean, they’re connected, and so there’s an art to what they’re doing, and a lot of the individuals, regardless of their skin color, or their ethnicity, or anything, I think there’s a common thread of that creative nature that they have within themselves as well as a propensity to want to help people, and make an impact, and provide alternative uses for individuals out there.

TG Branfalt: Sounds like your next gig’s going to be on a farm, man.

Jontae James: Well, they get up a little bit too early. We work until 3:00, 4:00AM and then we get up at 9:00.

TG Branfalt: So, you mentioned California’s got some social equity, San Diego specifically has a pretty strong social equity program. Other municipalities are rolling out their own. What’s sort of your opinion, as a black person in this space, on these social equity programs that, essentially, are designed to give communities that were affected by the war on drugs more of a leg up, to give them tax breaks and other sort of just … help, I guess.

Jontae James: Right, right. I mean I think, the social equity programs, they come from a good place, right? They want to do the right thing, and they are trying to give these disadvantaged groups, or people who were wrongly incarcerated on the war on drugs, an opportunity to participate in this industry. I think there could be a lot more done. I think there’s kind of … there’s a lack of information in some of the social equity spaces.

Some of the people that I’m running into in terms of applications are … they’re just not prepared or well informed. I mean, there’s more than just being a disadvantaged person and running a business, right? I think there still needs to be education on, hey, preparing the right business plan, getting P&L’s and balance sheets ready, just stuff …

Because as you’re coming to this space and you’re starting a business, you’re going to need money. You’re going to need finances, and there still needs to be a baseline, and so how can these social equity programs not only give the opportunity, but also set them up for success? I think there … Again, they come from a good place, and the opportunity is there, but the tools are not there for everybody to be successful, so we’re just putting a bandaid on it.

So, what we’re trying to do with NatureTrak, I’m trying to work with social equity applicants and programs here in the city of Sacramento. I’m working with their social equity side, with their chief of cannabis enforcement, Joe Devlin, and being able to, 1, provide them the free track and trace, but 2, on the merchant services and stuff, we’re looking to give back.

So, our typical percentage is 1%. Hey, well on social equity applicants, we’re going to start at 75 basis points, or three quarters of a percent. How do we help jumpstart, right? We’re going to do training and seminars. We’re able … There’s a lot of other ancillary services that are plugged into NatureTrak such as your security, and your insurance. All that can kind of be a nice package so that you can have a turnkey solution, as a social equity applicant, to be like, “Hey.”

“You can come here. We got your track and trace. You got your logistics. You got your insurance set up. Here’s your security plan. Here’s your buildout.” Okay, how do we get started? Where’s your location? What’s your brand about? What’s your mission statement? And then, we can really put some legs to the social equity program. I think one of the things that they mentioned at the State of Cannabis, I forgot the gentleman’s name, he was one of the, I want to say, either a senator or a mayor, some public figure in the LA area, talked about how, on the social equity side, it’s not just for black people. It’s not just for brown people. This is for everybody who’s been affected on the war on drugs.

And one of our missions here at NatureTrak is: keep California, cannabis California, and that starts with the war on drugs. People up in the hill, people that were in Mendocino, and Humboldt County, and Trinidad or Emerald Triangle. People were getting locked up for 10 years for 100 plants, and being ripped away from their families. So, there’s a lot more people than just the black and brown that had been affected on the war on drugs, and the social equity is here to help everybody. But again, like I said just a few moments ago, the program comes from a good place at heart, but we still need to be able to make it be successful.

TG Branfalt: So, is another sort of step in this direction the expungement? Which has actually been … it’s been done in a couple of cities using algorithms, using tech. What’s the future for tech in this space? You sort of mentioned, at the top, there’s a lot that can be done with tech in this space. What do you see tech could be used for aside from sort of software and algorithms?

Jontae James: Well I mean, tech’s useful in our everyday lives. We’re behind. If you look at tech in cannabis, we’re probably 2000 tech right now. Definitely not 2019 tech. So, I just think, where tech’s going to help, it’s the transparency. It’s the transference of data. It’s visibility, right? As this slowly starts to come out, the black, the gray, to the clear white area where everything’s out there, we’re still peeling back layers.

I’m generation X. We grew up in D.A.R.E., right? Do not smoke. Drugs are bad. That was drilled into us, and yes, I’m more accepting, but for a lot of my high school and even early college, I looked at friends and family or other people who used the product and I was like, “Man. You just don’t care about yourself.” I had that “Oh” mentality.

And I think there’s still that stigma across, and where tech is really going to help is to eradicate that stigma so that you can really see the uses of this plant, and how it’s helping people, and how it helps with seizures, and tumors, and the whole opioid crisis. Tech’s going to be able to carry that message and be able to carry it a vast way and provide other avenues and arenas for people to consume the information to know that this is something that helps society.

This is not just a moneymaking avenue in this industry. We’re in prohibition right now. This is the fastest growing industry. All that’s great and of course money moves everything, but this is also a part where we’re taking back and claiming something that can help people, that can help with a lot of the illnesses, and the mental illnesses, and the dependencies that we’re coming on, the pharmaceuticals and things, and tech’s going to play a huge role in just uncovering all of those layers to make that transparent, visible, and consumable.

TG Branfalt: So, you’re obviously super successful in the tech space, probably going to be really successful in the cannabis space. What advice do you have for other people who are interested in entering this space from the tech side? Or, what advice do you have for other potential operators that are black or brown in this space? What advice do you have for them?

Jontae James: Yeah. I tell them, “Come on in. There’s plenty of room.” There’s a huge opportunity, and you need all the great thinkers and entrepreneurial spirits and stuff to come in. But what I would do is … You got to do your due diligence. Just because you once smoked a blunt or something doesn’t mean all of the sudden you become the connoisseur in this industry.

Talk to the people who are in this industry who were the caretakers, and the chieftains, and stuff that were carrying this through the black market times. You got to understand where this came from before you just try to make money from it. I think cannabis is more than just making money, and if you can come at it from that perspective that you want to provide a good product, or you see that there’s a product out there that’s not providing the complete service, and you want to polish the cannonball on that and add a new tweak or twist to it to get that message out or to provide a better product, then I’m all for that. Get in there.

But, what I did tell people, and I’m very blunt, no pun intended, to individuals, but I look at some and … a lot of people miss the boat. People who are coming as cultivators, or let’s say some manufacturers and stuff, the cost to get in, the barrier of entry, is high now. You went from, “Hey. You could’ve probably started out with maybe 50 to 100 grand”, to where you’re coming in with some capital that needs to be there. It’s probably going to cost you half a million just to get the license and go through all the approvals. You haven’t even started anything yet.

So, you got to come into that, and one of the biggest things, I think, as an entrepreneur that we run into and that’s always … It’s a barrier, but that we fail at, is that you can’t create a business and expect people to fund it, right? It can’t be, “Oh, I have this idea, and I’m going to raise money to do it.”

TG Branfalt: Just based on an idea.

Jontae James: Yeah. Nobody’s funding an idea no more. That was the tech boom in the middle 90s and stuff when everything took off. Nobody’s funding an idea anymore. There has to be something concrete, so you got to be able to bootstrap and get in there, and really provide traction, and show traction for people to get behind you because a lot of the investment that is still coming in is minute compared to any other industry, and people are watching.

We’re still in very much a highly regulated, probably the most regulated, industry by far that’s at this stage of its maturity or its infancy, and so people are watching. Not everybody’s just throwing the money in there, because they don’t know where it’s going to go. The government still doesn’t know where it’s gonna go, so people are sitting and waiting, and you got to be able to ride that storm.

That’s one of the reasons why we wanted to have a free software. I mean, at least be able to get up and running, compliant, and start making money during this time. We’re not going to charge you $700 to use or pay ten, fifteen grand a year just on software to be compliant let alone the taxes that they have to deal with and everything. So, just be mindful.

Whether it’s the cannabis industry, or any industry, you got to have a plan. You got to have a product, it can’t just be an idea. And, you got to be ready to ride the down times. This is a marathon, it’s not a sprint, and I think people get very discouraged that, “Yeah, you could have a great product and people are going to like, “Oh, this is great”, and it’s high-fives, you have your own business. But I tell people all the time, I would gladly work for somebody.

I have about 20 employees right now, and part of my stress is not the tech. We’re doing good, we got really good traction. I’m here with TG, talking to … I honestly think they’re going in the right direction, but my biggest fear is waking up every day and being able to provide for my employees, because they’re giving me their faith and their dedication to work hard and long hours, and for under their pay for us to make this work, and they have wives, and girlfriends, and boyfriends, and grandmas, and kids that they need to support, so that’s the stress that I wake up every day and deal with, so I don’t think people kind of look at that side.

Yeah, it’s cool to have the CEO title when you want to throw out your business card or you’re at an event, but behind the scenes, I’m a caretaker. I’m providing opportunity. People are believing in me, and I have to do everything to give them that respect back, that they made the right decision in investing in me and investing in my company and dreams.

TG Branfalt: Man, it’s really great to have you on the show. Like I said earlier, you’re so positive you could just feel your passion for what you do, and growing yourself and your business. Congratulations man. Where can people find out more about NatureTrak and maybe more about you?

Jontae James: Yeah. I mean, you can check out NatureTrak.com. We have our Instagram and our Facebook. Everything’s @NatureTrak, and Trak is T-R-A-K. As far as myself, I’m not really a big social media guy, but you can find me on LinkedIn. It’s LinkedIn … I think it’s /Jontae.James on there. On our website, we have our info email that says TrakTeam, T-R-A-K Team, @NatureTrak.com, and so if you’re ever looking to reach me, you can reach me via those channels.

TG Branfalt: Jontae James is the founder and CEO of NatureTrak. Thanks again, man, for taking the time to be on the show.

Jontae James: TG, thank you so much, man. I appreciate you.

TG Branfalt: You can find more episodes of the Ganjapreneur.com podcast in the podcast section of Ganjapreneur.com and in the Apple iTunes store. On the Ganjapreneur.com website, you’ll find the latest cannabis news and cannabis jobs updated daily along with transcripts of this podcast. You can also download the Ganjapreneur.com app in the iTunes and Google Play. This episode was engineered by Trim Media House. I’ve been your host, TG Branfalt.

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Manhattan Judge Seals 300 Cannabis Cases

A Manhattan, New York Supreme Court Justice has ordered the sealing of more than 300 cannabis possession cases following a successful class action petition brought in part by the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office, the Legal Action Center, Community Service Society, the Legal Aid Society, New York County Defender Services, Neighborhood Defender Service and pro bono counsel Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP.

The affected class members have convictions for low-level possession with no other misdemeanor or felony convictions anywhere in the state, who have no New York convictions for the last 10 years, and have no other pending charges or undisposed arrests.

The relief is permitted under a 2017 state law that allowed people to apply to have their criminal records sealed after at least 10 years have passed. To date, just 1,279 individuals have had their records sealed under the program; the Manhattan D.A.’s office estimates that at least 600,000 people are eligible for relief under the program.

In a statement, Manhattan DA Cy Vance, Jr. supported legalizing cannabis – which failed to get a vote in the legislature last session despite support from Gov. Andrew Cuomo – adding that there is “no reason a conviction for smoking or possessing marijuana should follow New Yorkers for life.”

Last year, Vance dismissed 3,072 cannabis-related cases dating back to 1978. Brooklyn DA Eric Gonzalez has also proposed erasing at least 20,000 cannabis convictions.

“I was honored to work with defense providers to seal these records and remove unnecessary obstacles to employment, housing, education, and other opportunities for hundreds of New Yorkers. This class action transforms New York’s complicated sealing laws by making sealing proactive, instead of requiring people who are eligible for sealing to navigate a complex application process.” – Vance, in a press release

Despite lawmakers not passing cannabis legalization reforms, they did pass a law raising the threshold for cannabis possession under the state’s decriminalization law. That bill, signed by Cuomo last month, included provisions to automatically expunge low-level cannabis crimes from criminal records.

Basima Hafiz, Supervising Attorney at New York County Defender Services, said that the “War on Marijuana” had a disproportionate effect on “vulnerable communities in New York City,” making it harder for minorities to get “good jobs, safe housing, and affordable student loans.”

“But the state legislature can and must act quickly to legalize cannabis for personal use and expunge the records of all people previously convicted of marijuana offenses,” she said in a statement. “Piecemeal litigation like this is only a Band-Aid – legalization, expungement and community reinvestment are the cure.”

According to 2018 New York City arrest statistics, 89 percent of those arrested for cannabis possession in the Big Apple were black or Hispanic – just 8 percent were white.

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Private Nebraska University Offers Cannabis Certificate Program

Doane University, a private university based in Crete, Nebraska, is launching an online Professional Cannabis Certificate Program – the first of its kind in the state. The program is expected to launch this fall.

According to a press release, “Cannabis Science and Industries: Seeds to Needs” is a series of three online courses designed by cannabis industry experts and faculty with PhD and MD credentials. It’s designed for students interested in cannabis industry careers, including cultivators, processors, marketing, business, finance, and administration.

The foundation for the course curriculum was designed by Dr. Andrea Holmes, professor of chemistry at Doane, who worked at Colorado state-certified AgriScience Labs during a sabbatical in the 2018-2019 academic year, and Amanda McKinney, M.D., associate dean of health sciences and executive director of the Institute for Human and Planetary Health at Doane.

“Cannabis has been studied in-depth and much is published in medical literature on the benefits that can be provided from some of its component molecules. While not a ‘cure-all’, cannabinoids can and should be used as they are safe and efficacious for many disorders.” – McKinney, in a press release

Holmes described the program as “based on innovation, advancement of science, [and] cutting edge pedagogy,” adding that it would expand over time based on industry growth and changes in federal laws.

Doane faculty from other departments will have access to courses from the cannabis program to add to their curriculum.

Nebraska has neither medical nor recreational cannabis programs.

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Another Georgia County ‘Suspends’ Cannabis Enforcement

Another Georgia county is suspending low-level cannabis enforcement following hemp legalization in the state, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports. Cobb County Police Chief Tim Cox said the move is a “temporary procedural change” until a “remedy” is found. The decision comes after officials in Gwinnett County said they would no longer prosecute or make arrests for low-level possession crimes.

“After discussions with prosecutors, it appears that arresting someone for misdemeanor marijuana possession is not recommended. As a result, effective immediately, any misdemeanor amounts of marijuana that an officer encounters will be confiscated and sent to the Evidence Unit to be destroyed. A criminal charge will not be made until a solution can be found to this dilemma.” – Cox, in a statement, via the AJC

Cobb Solicitor General Barry Morgan said pending cases would not be dismissed but new cases would be reviewed on a case-by-case basis and that the Georgia Bureau of Investigation are “working on finding a new test that could differentiate [THC-rich] marijuana from hemp and cases will be held pending that.”

Gwinnet County officials indicated that there is currently no court-acceptable test for THC levels. The agency said they would continue making arrests, however, for felony cannabis crimes.

Hemp legalization has also forced some Texas cities to drop cannabis cases over the plant’s similarities to cannabis with THC concentrations higher than 0.3 percent – which defines hemp. Of Texas’ 10 most populous counties, just one district attorney said they would continue prosecuting low-level cannabis cases.

In Florida, some law enforcement agencies have said they would stop detaining people for cannabis odor because it could be either hemp or THC-rich cannabis.

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More CannTrust Compliance Violations Discovered by Health Canada

The woes continue for CannTrust Holdings Inc. as Health Canada has cited them for constructing two rooms at its Vaughan, Ontario without approval, using operating procedures that did not meet federal guidelines, and having inadequate security and quality control at the facility, the Financial Post reports. The agency also said that the company’s documents and information were not kept in a manner that allowed it to complete its audit in a timely manner.

The Health Canada inspection led to the facility receiving a non-compliant rating and CannTrust must propose a remediation plan to regulators.

Interim CEO Robert Marcovitch – who was named head of the company after the company ousted former CEO Peter Aceto and President Eric Paul resigned – said the company “will take whatever remedial steps necessary” to “regain the trust of Health Canada, our patients, shareholders and partners.”

It’s the latest setback for the company who was forced to hold more than 12,000 kilograms of product following a Health Canada action against it last month for growing cannabis in an unlicensed greenhouse in Pelham. The Health Canada action also carried international implications, having forced Danish medical cannabis firm StenoCare to quarantine five batches of cannabis oil derived from CannTrust plants and to later clarify that they had received one shipment of cannabis products grown illegally by the CannTrust – a violation of laws in both countries.

CannTrust told the Financial Post that its affected Canadian inventory was worth about $51 million.

The fallout also led CannTrust financial auditor KPMG to declare that its audits of the company’s financials from 2018 and this year’s first quarter could no longer be relied on.

“KPMG was not aware of the information recently shared by the Company when it issued the KPMG Reports and had relied upon representations made by individuals who are no longer at the Company,” the company said in a statement.

According to the Financial Post report, CannTrust is now under investigation by the Ontario Securities Commission and are exploring options including a potential sale.

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Illinois Gov. Makes Medical Cannabis Program Permanent

Illinois Gov. J.B. Pritzker (D) has signed legislation making the state’s medical cannabis program permanent and expanding the qualifying conditions list, the Chicago Sun-Times reports. The law also allows nurse practitioners and physician’s assistants to certify patients for the program. A separate bill also signed by the governor on Monday allows medical cannabis to be used on school grounds and administered by school nurses or administrators.

“As we continue to reform state government so that it better serves its families, we must do so in a way that advances dignity, empathy, opportunity and grace.” — Pritzker, during the bill signing ceremony, via the Sun-Times

The medical cannabis law was set to expire next year. It was signed into law by former Gov. Pat Quinn in 2013 as a pilot program; sales commenced under Gov. Bruce Rauner who, after initially rejecting program expansions, approved adding terminal illness and post-traumatic stress disorder to the qualifying conditions list. Rauner also created the Opioid Alternative Pilot Program, which gave opioid patients the option to participate in the medical cannabis program and eliminated previous provisions requiring would-be patients to submit to fingerprinting and criminal background checks. There are 2,165 patients enrolled in the Opioid Alternative Pilot Program, according to Department of Public Health data outlined by the Sun-Times.

In June, Illinois became the 11th state to legalize cannabis for adult use – marking the first time a state legislature approved a legalization measure that included a taxed-and-regulated structure. Recreational cannabis taxes in the state are expected to be between 20 percent and 30 percent; however, medical products will be only subject to the 1 percent pharmaceutical tax. Medical cannabis patients in Illinois are also allowed to grow their own plants.

As of July 31, there were 80,035 medical cannabis patients in Illinois.

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Georgia County to Cease Low-Level Cannabis Enforcement

Gwinnett County, Georgia’s Solicitor General will no longer prosecute misdemeanor cannabis cases and the county police department will no longer make arrests or issue citations for misdemeanor amounts of cannabis, according to a Patch report.

According to the agencies, the decision follows the legalization of hemp in Georgia and the Gwinnett County authorities say neither they nor the Georgia Bureau of Investigation have a THC concentration test that is acceptable for courts.

In a release, GCPD said that the testing issue “is being thoroughly investigated to make sure that arrests made by GCPD are proper and legal.”

“The GBI is researching methods and technologies to address this issue. GCPD Crime Scene Investigators, who conduct GCPD’s in-house marijuana testing, are trained and certified by the GBI. While certified in current procedures, GCPD must rely upon the GBI to establish protocol and training on this new matter before in-house testing for THC concentration can occur.” — GCPD, in a statement, via Patch

GCPD will still investigate and make arrests for felony cannabis cases. The Gwinnett County District Attorney’s Office will review and prosecute those on a case-by-case basis, GCPD said.

Hemp legalization has also forced some Texas cities to drop cannabis cases over the plant’s similarities to cannabis with THC concentrations higher than 0.3 percent – which defines hemp. Of the state’s 10 most populous counties, just one district attorney indicated they would continue prosecuting low-level cannabis cases.

In Florida, some law enforcement agencies indicated they would stop detaining people for cannabis odor because it could be either hemp or THC-rich cannabis.

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Canopy Growth Acquisition

Canopy Growth Acquires Medical Cannabis Research Firms

Canopy Growth (CGC) has acquired Beckley Canopy Therapeutics, a research firm it co-founded in 2018, the Motley Fool reports. The deal will also see Canopy acquire Spectrum Biomedical UK, a joint venture formed in January between Canopy and Beckley that distributes the company’s products.

Canopy indicated Beckley — which was co-founded last year with Beckley Research & Innovations — will be merged with Canopy’s in-house research program. The project had focused its research on cancer pain, opioid sparing, and smoking cessation, and Canopy said that research would continue following the acquisition. 

The deal still needs regulatory approval for the parts of the company Canopy did not already own; those approvals are expected within 90 days. 

It’s the latest acquisition for Canopy this year who announced in April that they had reached a deal to buy Acreage Holdings for $3.4 billion once cannabis is legalized federally in the U.S. — a requirement of Toronto Stock Exchange rules that say publicly listed companies cannot possess any illegal holdings at the risk of being de-listed, and cannabis remains a federally prohibited business in the U.S. The following month it bought Germany’s C3 which produces, distributes, and researches cannabis-based medicines for the European market.

In July, the board fired its founder Bruce Linton after significant losses this year. Co-CEO Mark Zekulin became the sole CEO but it’s expected he will only fill the role temporarily.

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Traffic Stop Cannabis Odor

Pennsylvania Judge: Cannabis Odor Alone Does Not Justify Vehicle Search

A Lehigh County, Pennsylvania judge has ruled that state police were not allowed to search a vehicle after the passenger showed them a medical cannabis patient identification card, according to an NBC10 report. The judge tossed evidence in the case in which the passenger faced drug and firearms charges.

“The smell of marijuana is no longer per se indicative of a crime.” Judge Maria Dantos, in her opinion, via NBC10

During the stop, police indicated they had smelled cannabis odor and had a right to search the vehicle even after the passenger had produced a valid, state-issued, medical cannabis card. Officers found a small amount of cannabis and cannabis residue, along with a loaded handgun under the seat, during the search. The passenger was unable to legally possess the weapon due to a previous conviction.

Dantos called the troopers’ actions “illogical, impractical and unreasonable” after the passenger had shown them the ID card and “are merely means of hampering the legalization of marijuana for medical purposes.” One of the troopers testified that he was unaware that medical cannabis was available as flower in the state and said he didn’t know medical cannabis had a smell. Dantos said the case showed a “clear disconnect between the medical community and the law enforcement community.”

Prosecutors in the case can still decide to move forward with the case but they would be unable to use any evidence found during the vehicle search.  

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CannTrust Audit Retracted

CannTrust Financial Auditor Responds After Health Canada Action

The auditor for Canadian cannabis company CannTrust Holdings, Inc., KPMG, is withdrawing its audits of CannTrust’s financial statements after Health Canada ordered it to hold more than 5,000 kilograms of inventory last month, according to a MarketWatch report. The auditing firm says CannTrust statements for 2018 and this year’s first quarter cannot be relied on.

Health Canada determined that the company had harvested plants from an unlicensed greenhouse which led to the hold and CannTrust followed suit and placed a voluntary hold 7,500 kilograms of flower. Danish medical cannabis company Stenocare also quarantined five batches of CannTrust oil after the Health Canada ruling as it launched its own investigation into whether its products imported from CannTrust had been grown in the illegal rooms. Stenocare later confirmed it had received some of the illegally-grown cannabis. 

On July 25, CannTrust announced Chief Executive Peter Aceto had been fired for cause and President Eric Paul was forced out after the Globe and Mail published emails showing top CannTrust officials knew about the illegal grows.

“KPMG was not aware of the information recently shared by the Company when it issued the KPMG Reports and had relied upon representations made by individuals who are no longer at the Company.” – KPMG, in a statement via Marketwatch 

Robert Marcovitch, who replaced Aceto as CEO said the company will continue cooperating with auditors and regulators andtake whatever steps are necessary to restore full trust in the Company’s regulatory compliance.”

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Bernie Sanders Says He Would Use Executive Order to Legalize Cannabis

In an interview on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast, U.S. Senator and presidential hopeful Bernie Sanders (D-Vermont) said he would legalize cannabis nationwide via executive order, according to a report by Leafly.

“What I call for now is the legalization of marijuana in America. I believe we can do that through executive order, and I will do that.” – Sanders, on the Joe Rogan Experience

In the crowded Democratic candidate field, the majority support federal cannabis legalization; however, Sanders is the only candidate to indicate he would use an executive order to enact the reforms.

During the interview, Sanders called expunging low-level cannabis crime records “the right thing to do” and described the Controlled Substances Act as “insane.”

“Heroin is a killer drug. You can argue the pluses and minuses of marijuana, but marijuana ain’t heroin,” the Senator said during the interview. “So we have to end that, and that’s what I will do.”

The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML) endorsed Sanders during his 2018 Senate reelection campaign, calling him “one of the most outspoken and visible advocates for ending marijuana prohibition.”

Sanders received an A-plus on the organization’s Congressional Scorecard for his sponsorship of a measure to end federal cannabis prohibition and another to provide banking access to the industry. Sanders first co-sponsored a bill to legalize cannabis federally in 1995. In a 2015 campaign rally, he called cannabis’ Schedule I status “absurd.”

During his interview with Rogan, Sanders also acknowledged the “good news” that some states are working toward expunging low-level cannabis crimes from criminal records.

According to an Economist-YouGov poll released on Wednesday, Sanders is polling third (13 percent) for the Democratic nomination behind Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren (16 percent) and former Vice President and Senator Joe Biden (22 percent).

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D.C. Opens Medical Program to Cardholders from Eight States

Washington, D.C. has opened its medical cannabis program to cardholders from other states in what Mayor Muriel Bowser called “patient-centric” emergency rulemaking.

The new reciprocity program is not dependent on whether other states accept patient cards from the District. Under the plan, D.C. dispensaries will accept cards from Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, and Vermont; Louisiana, Minnesota, Oklahoma, and West Virginia are still under review.

“It ensures medical marijuana patients from other states can obtain their needed medicine. It will also promote public safety by allowing visitors to obtain their medicine at one of the District’s six – soon to be seven – authorized dispensaries rather than forcing them to go without or patronizing the illegal market.” – Bowser, in a press release

The program already accepts medical cannabis cards from Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Washington.

It’s the latest move by Bowser to expand the District‘s cannabis footprint. In May, she proposed the Cannabis Sales Act which would allow regulations for a taxed-and-regulated cannabis industry. Voters approved legalization in 2015 but federal law largely dictates policy in D.C. and officials have not implemented any recreational sales programs.

Under Bowser’s plan, D.C. residents must comprise 60 percent of an adult-use cannabis business and 60 percent of the employees need to be from the District. The measure would impose a 17 percent tax on recreational cannabis products which Bowser said would be used to fund public housing. That proposal is currently being reviewed by the D.C. Council.

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Massachusetts Regulators Fine Cannabis Company Over Pesticide Use

The Massachusetts Cannabis Control Commission has fined Plymouth-based cannabis company M3 Ventures $50,000 after an employee lied about the firm’s pesticide use, according to a MassLive report. Commission Chairman Steven Hoffman indicated that the company has “rectified” the issue “in multiple ways.”

State inspectors had initially shut down the company’s dispensaries in Plymouth and Mashpee in December over its pesticide use but allowed them to reopen in April.

Inspectors discovered the prohibited pesticides at the company’s cultivation facility in November and interviewed the director of cultivation about its use. During a follow-up inspection the following month, company brass admitted that the cultivation director “misrepresented the use of pesticides,” leading to the closure and fines.

In response, the company split the cultivator director position into two jobs – cultivation operations manager and master grower – and has partnered with a national firm to help develop a plan for pest management using approved substances.

In addition to the fine, M3 was placed on administrative probation through the end of the year and is required to track and record its additive use daily.

Cannabis Control Commission Enforcement Counsel Paul Payer said during a public meeting on Thursday that the company has not violated state regulations since it reopened and the firm had taken the steps to comply with the settlement that “reflect the integrity” regulators require from licensees.

Last March, state regulators launched an investigation into two other companies – Sea Hunter Therapeutics and Acreage Holdings – into whether they flouted cannabis company ownership rules by using loopholes in state regulations to hide their affiliations with other companies through the use of shell companies. That case is ongoing.

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San Francisco Issues Temporary Cannabis Permit for Outside Lands Festival

The San Francisco, California Office of Cannabis is set to grant its first temporary permit for cannabis sales and consumption at the city’s largest summer festival, Outside Lands, the San Francisco Chronicle reports. The state Bureau of Cannabis Control will also issue a license for event organizers.

The festival will have a dedicated section for cannabis called Grass Lands. Cannabis consumption will be separated from sales and both areas must be hidden from view by a barrier. Customers can buy up to 7 grams of flower at up to two grams of concentrate products, including edibles, across all vendors.

“Permitting Grass Lands as the inaugural event is the first step in creating a safe cannabis event space for those aged 21 years and older. Attendees will be able to purchase and consume lab-tested products away from the rest of the venue’s attendees.” — Marisa Rodriguez, director of the San Francisco Office of Cannabis, to the Los Angeles Times

The San Francisco Office of Cannabis has approved temporary cannabis permits for other events late in the year, including the Folsom Street Fair and the PRIDE Festival. State cannabis regulators have issued permits in the past for cannabis industry-related events.

BCC Spokesman Alex Traverso said Outside Lands is “unique” because it’s a large, outdoor festival in San Francisco‘s Golden Gate Park.

The event counts several cannabis companies as sponsors, including delivery service Eaze and LA-based company Field. Last year, the event drew more than 200,000 people over three days, according to the Times report.

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Luxembourg Plans to Legalize Cannabis Within Two Years

European Union nation Luxembourg is planning to legalize cannabis production and consumption and is calling on its EU neighbors to relax their own cannabis laws, the Guardian reports. Under the plan, a state-run cannabis agency would regulate the production and distribution of cannabis products, and the legal age would be set at 18.

Health Minister Etienne Schneider told Politico that the nation’s drug policy over the last 50 years “did not work.”

“Forbidding everything made it just more interesting to young people … I’m hoping all of us will get a more open-minded attitude toward drugs.” – Schneider, to Politico, via the Guardian

Officials expect sales to commence within two years, with draft legislation likely to be unveiled this year outlining the what types of products will be allowed and the tax structure. Schneider said it was unlikely residents would be able to grow their own cannabis and that only residents would be able to purchase the products.

Nations that have legalized cannabis nationally include Uruguay and Canada; each – along with 11 U.S. states – are doing so in the face of international drug treaties which outlaw cannabis and limit treaty signatories “exclusively for medical and scientific purposes the production, manufacture, export, import distribution, trade, employment and possession of drugs.”

Luxembourg has already legalized medical cannabis.

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Arizona Beverage Co. Reaches Cannabis Deal with Dixie Brands, Inc.

AriZona Beverage Co., the company that produces AriZona Iced Tea, has reached a deal with Denver, Colorado, based Dixie Brands, Inc. to market cannabis-infused gummies, drinks, and vape pens, the Wall Street Journal reports. The deal, which still needs approval from Dixie’s board, also allows AriZona the right to purchase a $10 million stake in the company.

According to the report, AriZona, based in Woodbury, New York, plans to market teas, lemonades, sodas, coffees, and seltzers in the U.S. and eventually expand into Canada and Latin America. Under the deal, Dixie would produce the products in the states where they are sold.

“You’ve got to be willing to try things. The upside is we’re one of the first ones in an emerging space.” — Don Vultaggio, Arizona chairman and CEO, to the Journal

AriZona is not a publicly-traded company and Vultaggio indicated the company would have likely been unable to move forward with the project if the company had been listed on any trading exchanges.

According to the report, AriZona is looking to diversify its products after losing its top spot as the leader of ready-to-drink tea to Pure Leaf, which is a joint venture by Unilever PLC and PepsiCo, Inc. Last year, its market share dropped to 16.2 percent from 23.4 percent in 2013. Over the last two years, AriZona has released new products like beef jerky and fruit snacks, with plans to launch a line of seltzers with fruit juice later this year.

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Zimbabwe to Legalize Hemp for Export

Zimbabwe plans to legalize hemp cultivation and production, hoping to spark an export market and boost its foreign currency earnings, Business Day reports. The announcement comes two months after the nation approved its first medical cannabis grow site.

Information Minister Monica Mutsvangwa said officials hope hemp will compete with mining and tobacco, Zimbabwe’s other top-earning industries. Mutsvangwa indicated that tobacco is “currently facing possibilities” of an international ban “due to its adverse effects on health.”

“Currently, Zimbabwe only allows for the cultivation and processing of cannabis specifically for medicinal and scientific purposes. In view of the foregoing, the law governing the use and control of hemp in the country will be repealed to reflect the current industrial thrust of the country.” – Mutsvangwa, to Business Day

Zimbabwe is currently facing a foreign currency shortage which has led to a lack of fuel, medicines, and basics such as bread.

The nation’s medical cannabis legalization was also partly due to economic factors and officials hoped the move would attract investors to Special Economic Zones, which offer investor incentives, including exemption from portions of the labor laws and black economic empowerment rules. They were established in Harare, Victoria Falls, and Bulawayo.

In May, medical cannabis firm Ivory Medical was granted approval to cultivate 10 hectares of medical cannabis at a prison – the project is a partnership between Ivory and the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, is partly funded by NSK Holdings & International Investors, and Portuguese firm Symtomax, which is providing technical and farming support.

Officials said they expect to see $7 billion from medical cannabis export sales by 2023 but they have not estimated what the potential revenues could be derived from industrial hemp exports.

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Princeton Review Lists Colleges that Consume Most & Least Cannabis

As a part of its annual college rankings, the Princeton Review has included the colleges that consume the most – and least – cannabis and just nine of the top 20 on the “Reefer Madness” list are in states with legalized cannabis.

The colleges that made the list come from responses to student surveys when asked, “How widely is marijuana used at your school?”

The University of Vermont in Burlington topped the list of cannabis-consuming colleges, while other Vermont institutions, Marlboro College and Champlain College, landed at number nine and 14 on the list, respectively.

In all, seven New York colleges made the list – the most of any state – with Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs ranking fifth, followed by Bard College (8), Sarah Lawrence College (12), State University of New York at Purchase (13), Ithaca College (17), and Syracuse University and Hamilton College rounding out the top 20.

Colleges from Colorado and California – which have perhaps the largest legal cannabis industries – had two colleges each on the Princeton Review list. Claremont, California’s Pitzer College landed at number 2, while the University of California, Santa Barbara was 10th. Colorado College and University of Colorado, Boulder were back-to-back at 15 and 16.

Other colleges from states with legal cannabis to make the list include Portland, Oregon’s Reed College (6) and the University of Maine (7).

The University of Rhode Island rounded out the top 3, while Warren Wilson College in Asheville, North Carolina was number 11 and University of Wisconsin, Madison was 18th – none of those states have legalized cannabis for adult use.

Military academies represented the top 3 schools on the “Don’t Inhale” list, which also includes as many California universities as the “Reefer Madness” list: Thomas Aquinas College (5) and Pepperdine University (18).

The “Don’t Inhale” list also includes several colleges from legal states, including Illinois’ Wheaton College (7) and Illinois Institute of Technology (15), Michigan institutions Calvin University (9) and Hillsdale College (14), and Boston, Massachusetts’ Simmons University (20).

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Utah Supreme Court Rules Against Medical Cannabis Activists

The Utah Supreme Court has rejected a bid by cannabis activists to challenge the legislature’s decision to replace the voter-approved medical cannabis law with a more limited version, according to a Fox13 report. In the ruling, the court sided with the legislature and governor that they had the constitutional right to make the changes.

“We deny on the merits Petitioners’ arguments that the Governor effectively vetoed Proposition 2 and therefore exceeded his authority, and that the Two-Thirds Provisions of the Utah Constitution and Utah Code do not apply to legislation that amends an initiative.” — Justice Paige Petersen, in the opinion, via Fox13

The case was brought to the court by The People’s Right. Steve Maxwell, the head of the organization, said the ruling effectively makes all initiatives in the state “dead on arrival.”

Daniel Newby, one of the petitioners in the case, told Fox13 that the ruling proves the ballot initiative “charade” in the state “is over.”

Utah’s supreme court has confirmed that the initiative process, the last resort citizens thought they could use to resist the network of corruption infesting every branch of government, was an illusory fraud all along,” he said following the ruling. “Utah Citizens have been denied their right ‘to alter or to abolish’ their own government (Declaration of Independence) through peaceful means. So-called initiatives are nothing more than non-binding resolutions conspiring politicians use for toilet paper.”

The state Attorney General Office simply told Fox13, “the ruling speaks for itself.”

This is not the only court case dealing with Prop. 2 and the legislative action that replaced it. The Epilepsy Association of Utah and Together for Responsible Use and Cannabis Education (TRUCE) are suing the state over not only how it was replaced – which seems to be settled with The People’s Right case – but what it was replaced with. That case argues that state-run medical cannabis dispensaries will stymie the program and could be unconstitutional.

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